土地利用变化对流域水量供给和洪水调节服务的影响  

Impact of land use changes on freshwater provision and flood regulation services in watersheds

作　　者：刘文倩 李萍[1] 乔子戌 谢展 唐莉华[3,4] LIU Wenqian;LI Ping;QIAO Zixu;XIE Zhan;TANG Lihua(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084 [4]清华大学水圈科学与水利工程全国重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2025年第1期77-97,共21页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0015);陕西省重点研发计划一般项目(2023-YBSF-380)。

摘　　要：西辽河流域属于典型生态脆弱区和敏感区,研究土地利用变化对水量供给和洪水调节服务的影响,对于流域水资源可持续利用及生态保护具有重要意义。本研究运用构建的分布式水文模型(GBHM),结合生态系统服务指数评价法,分析了西辽河流域1990—2020年水量供给(FWPI)和洪水调节服务(FRI)的时空演变特征,并深入探讨了草地、耕地及林地等不同土地类型变化对两种生态系统服务的影响。研究结果表明,FWPI整体显著下降(P<0.05),FRI显著上升(P<0.05)。下游地区FWPI和FRI均高于上游。大多数子流域2005—2020年的FWPI较2005年之前有所减少(0%~42%),FRI较2005年之前有所增加(0%~73%)。草地和耕地面积减少、林地面积增加,均导致各代表性子流域水量供给服务减少,但一定程度上提升了洪水调节服务。West Liao River Basin(WLRB)is a typical region that is fragile and sensitive ecologically.It is important to study the impact of its land use changes on freshwater provision and flood regulation for sustainable utilization of its water resources and ecological protection.This paper presents an analysis on the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of freshwater provision and flood regulation services in the basin in 1990-2020,using a distributed hydrological model(GBHM)developed for WLRB,in combination with an index-based ecosystem service approach.We discuss in depth the impacts of the changes in different land types-such as grassland,farmland and forest-on the two eco-hydrological service functions.The results show that in this period,overall freshwater provision services decreased significantly(P<0.05),while flood regulation services increased significantly(P<0.05).Both services are higher in the downstream than those in the upstream.In the period of 2005-2020,freshwater provision services in most sub-watersheds were 0%-42%lower than those in its previous period,while flood regulation services were 0%-73%higher than the previous values.In representative sub-watersheds,the decreases in grassland and farmland areas and the increase in forested land area resulted in a decrease in freshwater provision services,but enhanced flood regulation service functions to a certain degree.

关 键 词：西辽河流域 土地利用 水量供给服务 洪水调节服务 分布式水文模型 

分 类 号：P349[天文地球—水文科学]