他我之间:许烺光的海外研究及其知识意义  

Between Others and Self:Francis L.K.Hsu's Overseas Research and Its Intellectual Significance

作　　者：刘琪[1] Liu Qi(Shanghai Institute of Global Governance and Regional Studies,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai,201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学上海全球治理与区域国别研究院,上海201620

出　　处：《民族学刊》2024年第12期49-57,147,共10页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：上海市教育委员会“曙光计划”项目“从‘中华民族’到‘中华民族共同体’:理论脉络及世界意义”(23SG27)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在20世纪上半叶的海外研究中,人类学家许烺光的研究,具有显著的知识特色与重要的知识价值。本文应用文献研究的方法,对许烺光的海外研究进行了梳理和评述。首先,本文介绍了作为许烺光理论基础的角色与情感理论,以及由此衍生的价值比较法。其次,讨论许烺光对中、印、美三国进行的比较研究,以及对美国及西方社会的反思。最后,对许烺光海外研究的知识意义进行了阐发。本文研究认为,许烺光始终在“他我之间”进行知识旅行,通过他者反观自身,实现了对“西方-非西方”二分的超越。他所提出的角色与情感理论命题是对英美人类学脉络的综合,也是对人类学核心关切的回应。这为人类学视野下的比较研究开创了知识路径,也使得他的研究在今天仍旧具有很高的知识价值,可以为当前中国自主知识体系建设提供重要启迪。This article is a review and evaluation of Francis L. K. Hsu's overseas research. Currently, the discussion on the construction of China's independent knowledge system in social sciences is vibrant and overseas research undoubtedly is an important component of this knowledge framework. In addition, this study proposes that China's overseas research should fundamentally differ from previous Western powers such as Britain and the United States in terms of values. Put differently, overseas research by Chinese scholars should not serve colonialism or hegemonism but rather provide knowledge outputs for the establishment of a new international order of peace, equality, and cooperation, and explore knowledge trajectories for the construction of a “community with a shared future for humankind”. In this sense, sorting out early overseas research results will serve as a starting point for Chinese academia to clarify its future direction.Firstly, this article introduces the role and emotion theory that underlies Hsu's theory, as well as the value comparison method derived from it.Hsu contends that interpersonal relationships can be divided into two aspects: “Roles” and “emotions”. A role can be defined as an identity that a person plays and emotions as the core of interpersonal care. Modern social science research focuses too much on the aspect of roles and not enough on emotions. This distinction between “role” and “emotion” was deeply influenced by the anthropological culture and personality school of the United States at that time, but it also incorporated his own ideas. Hsu not only cares about the impact of culture on individuals, but also pays more attention to the direction, pathway, and means of realizing this path set by culture, and whether it can bring individuals into a state of inner contentment.Secondly, this article discusses Hsu's comparative research on China, India, and the United States, as well as his reflection on American and Western societies. Hsu takes the family system as the ent

关 键 词：海外研究 许烺光 角色 情感 知识意义 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理]