益生菌缓解牛乳过敏的作用机制研究进展  

Progress on the Mechanism of Action of Probiotics in Alleviating Cow's Milk Allergy

作　　者：宁淼 乌日娜[1,3] 贺凯茹 包雨飞 张钰欣 杨慧 武俊瑞[1,2,3] NING Miao;WU Rina;HE Kairu;BAO Yufei;ZHANG Yuxin;YANG Hui;WU Junrui(Food College of Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Shenyang Key Laboratory of Microbial Fermentation Technology Innovation,Shenyang 110866,China;Liaoning Food Fermentation Technology Engineering Research Center,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学食品学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]沈阳市微生物发酵技术创新重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]辽宁省食品发酵技术工程研究中心,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第5期371-379,共9页Science and Technology of Food Industry

摘　　要：牛乳过敏是由牛乳中蛋白质引起的不良免疫介导反应,多发于人类生命早期,常涉及皮肤、呼吸系统和消化系统,现已成为婴幼儿时期最主要的食物过敏问题,若不及时治疗对婴幼儿的生长发育有一定影响,严重者可引发全身过敏性休克甚至死亡。目前,服用益生菌成为缓解牛乳过敏的重要方法,然而,益生菌调节牛乳过敏的机制相对复杂,尚无明确具体的结论。本文综述了牛乳过敏的免疫机制、肠道微生物群与牛乳过敏的相关性,并从调节肠道菌群、增强肠道屏障、促进肠黏膜免疫和分解牛乳过敏原蛋白等方面重点阐述了益生菌缓解牛乳过敏的作用机制。本研究将有助于探索益生菌在胃肠道功能和代谢中的抗过敏作用,以期为食物过敏的预防及治疗提供新的思路。Cow's milk allergy is an immune-mediated response induced by the proteins found in cow's milk,which occurs early in human life and frequently affects the skin,respiratory system,and digestive system.It has now become the most common food allergy problem in infants and young children.If cow's milk allergy is not treated promptly,it will have an impact on infants'and young children's growth and development,and in severe cases,it may result in systemic anaphylactic shock or even death.Currently,probiotics have become an essential tool for treating cow's milk allergy;nevertheless,the mechanism by which probiotics regulate cow's milk allergy is somewhat complex,with no clear and precise conclusion.In this paper,the immune mechanism of cow's milk allergy,the relationship between gut microbiota and cow's milk allergy,and the mechanism of probiotics to alleviate cow's milk allergy in terms of gut flora regulation,intestinal barrier enhancement,intestinal mucosal immunity promotion,and cow's milk allergenic protein catabolism are reviewed.This study will help to explore the anti-allergic role of probiotics in gastrointestinal function and metabolism,with a view to providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of food allergy.

关 键 词：牛乳过敏 益生菌 肠道菌群 肠道屏障 肠黏膜免疫 作用机制 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]