“救火”类非常规述宾结构的语义冲突及其形成机制  

Semantic Conflict and Formation Mechanism of Non-conventional VO Structures like Jiuhuo救火

作　　者：吴德新[1] 赵丽华 WU Dexin;ZHAO Lihua

机构地区：[1]延边大学文学院,133002

出　　处：《汉语学报》2025年第1期60-68,共9页Chinese Linguistics

基　　金：吉林省社会科学基金项目“语言接触视角下民族地区汉语虚词变异研究”(编号:2022B192);吉林省教育科学规划项目“地方民族高校民汉学生群体语言变异实证研究”(编号:GH21050);延边大学社会科学基金重点项目“类型学视野下汉语虚词功能变异及误用模式研究”(编号:2023011)的资助。

摘　　要：与常规述宾结构“救X”相比,“救火”“救荒”“救灾”等是典型的非常规述宾结构。语义上,在救助目标未明确出现时结构只凸显“消灭”义,在救助目标明确出现时凸显“救助”义,在救助目标虽隐含但由常理可明确推断时结构兼表“消灭”与“救助”义,此时述宾之间产生语义冲突。结构的形成既是“救火”意象图式语义选择和概念投射的结果,也是“救火”场景中概念“救T”与概念“灭X”之间整合“截搭”的结果。Compared with the conventional VO structure“jiu(救,rescue)X”,jiuhuo救火,jiuhuang救荒,and jiuzai救灾are typically non-conventional.Semantically,when the target of rescuing is not clearly identified,the structure only highlights the meaning of elimination;if the target of rescuing appears,it highlights the meaning of rescuing;when the target of rescuing is not stated but can be inferred through reasoning,the structure simultaneously expresses the meanings of elimination and rescuing,and in this case there is a semantic conflict between the predicate and the object.The formation of the structure is not only the result of the semantic selection of the jiuhuo image schema and its concept projection,but also the result of the“cutting-and-joining”of the concepts of“jiu T”and“mie(灭,extinguish)X”in the firefighting scene.

关 键 词：非常规述宾结构 语义冲突 意象图式 形成机制 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]