美国课后体育服务发展体系研究及启示  

Research and Enlightenment on the Development System of American After-School Sports Service

作　　者：关清文 姜俐如 张晓林 龚芷璇 王涛 肖悦 GUAN Qingwen;JIANG Liru;ZHANG Xiaolin;GONG Zhixuan;WANG Tao;XIAO Yue(School of Physical Education and Sport Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian,China;School of P.E.,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi′an 710119,Shaanxi,China;School of P.E.,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610101,Sichuan,China;School of Literatures,Languages&Cultures,University of Edinburgh,Edinburgh EH89YL,Scotland United Kingdom)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350108 [2]陕西师范大学体育学院,陕西西安710119 [3]四川师范大学体育学院,四川成都610101 [4]爱丁堡大学文学、语言与文化学院,英国爱丁堡EH89YL

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2025年第1期22-31,共10页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目(编号:BLA240185)。

摘　　要：课后体育服务发展体系是落实“双减”政策、提升以体育人质量的重要载体。在早发内生的美国,课后体育服务发展体系基于社会变革的学生看管之“困”、迫于生活方式的体质改善之“难”和鉴于发展实践的组织协同之“急”而生成,具有服务目标多元化、服务对象个性化、服务内容游戏化、服务能力精准化等特征;在实践运行中,“政府引领”“社会主导”“数据支持”和“标准规范”成为其核心要素。为此,借鉴美国经验并结合我国国情提出启示:鼓励社会力量参与,构建“强政府—大社会”的课后体育服务治理模式;拓展课后育人功能,探索“多中心—全过程”的课后体育服务实施方式;重视人员能力培养,追求“可持续—有活力”的课后体育服务发展样式;完善评估监管机制,形成“重数据—常反馈”的课后体育服务革新程式。The after-school sports service system is an important carrier to implement the"double reduction"policy and improve the quality of sports students.In the developed internally-driven country of the United States,the development system of after-school sports service is based on the"difficulty"of students′care in social change,the"difficulty"of physical improvement of life style,and the"urgent"of organization and coordination in development practice.It has the characteristics of diversified service objectives,personalized service objects,gamification of service content,and precision of service capabilities."Government-led","society-led","data support"and"standard norms"have become core elements.Therefore,this study draws lessons from American experience and combines with the condition of our country to put forward the enlightenment:Encourage the participation of social forces,and build a"powerful government and great society"after-school sports service governance model;Expand the after-school education function,explore the implementation of"polycentric and total process"after-school sports service;Pay attention to personnel ability training,and pursue"sustainable and dynamic"after-school sports service development style;Improve the evaluation and supervision mechanism,and form an after-school sports service innovation program of"valuing data and frequent feedback".

关 键 词：学校体育 青少年体育 课后体育服务 美国 课后服务 体育活动 家校社协同 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]