可设计与可重构形变的液晶弹性体研究进展  

Research progress of liquid crystal elastomer with designable and reconfigurable shape morphing

作　　者：曾宪兵 段睿珏 郭玉冰 ZENG Xianbing;DUAN Ruijue;GUO Yubing(School of Medical Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学医学技术学院,北京100081

出　　处：《液晶与显示》2025年第2期218-230,共13页Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52375560)。

摘　　要：液晶弹性体因其可设计的形变与高达400%的应变在人工肌肉、软体机器人、微型机器人等领域有着重要的潜在应用。液晶弹性体的可设计形变源于其可设计的复杂分子取向图案。本文综述了实现液晶弹性体可设计分子取向图案的技术,包括机械拉伸取向技术、外场取向技术、表面取向技术和3D打印技术,分析了各种技术的取向原理及应用场景,总结了各种技术的优缺点。同时,介绍了目前可重构形变液晶弹性体的研究进展。可重构形变液晶弹性体能够在外界刺激下表达出不同的形变模式,具有一定的环境适应性,因此其具有更广泛的应用前景。本文通过研究实例简要讲解了几种实现液晶弹性体可重构形变的策略。最后,简单展望了液晶弹性体可设计形变和可重构形变的发展趋势。Due to the designable shape morphing and up to 400% strain,liquid crystal elastomer(LCE)has important potential applications in many fields,such as artificial muscles,soft robotics,miniaturized robotics and so on.The designable deformation of LCE stems from their designable complicated molecular orientation pattern.Here,we presented the technologies applied in designing molecular orientation pattern of LCE,including mechanical stretching alignment,field alignment,surface alignment and 3D printing.We analyzed the orientation principle and application scenarios of each technology and summarized their advantages and shortcoming.In addition,we introduced the research progress of LCE with reconfigurable deformation.The LCE with reconfigurable deformation could display various shape morphing under outer stimulus and possess certain environmental adaptability,thus has a wider application prospect.This paper gave a briefly explanation on the several strategies applied in realizing LCE with reconfigurable deformation.In the end,we envisaged the future development of LCE with designable and reconfigurable shape morphing.

关 键 词：液晶弹性体 可设计形变 可重构形变 智能材料 

分 类 号：O753.2[理学—晶体学]