液晶弹性体自持驱动器研究进展  

Advances in self-sustained actuators based on liquid crystal elastomers

作　　者：李理想 江智超 赵静[1] 张英[1] 刘清[1] 杨清[1] 刘玥[1] 肖尧予 LI Lixiang;JIANG Zhichao;ZHAO Jing;ZHANG Ying;LIU Qing;YANG Qing;LIU Yue;XIAO Yaoyu(State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering,College of Mechanical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学机械工程学院高分子材料工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《液晶与显示》2025年第2期250-271,共22页Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52303152,No.52403164);四川省自然科学基金面上项目(No.2024NSFSC0254);高分子材料工程国家重点实验室优秀青年项目(No.sklpme2023-2-07,No.sklpme2023-2-15)。

摘　　要：液晶弹性体(Liquid Crystal Elastomers,LCE)驱动器是一类通过液晶基元取向与适度交联形成的各向异性聚合物网络材料。凭借其可逆驱动性、多样刺激响应性、快速响应性、可编程性和良好的力学性能,LCE驱动器在软体机器人、人工肌肉和微型智能器件领域具有广泛的应用潜力。近年来,以LCE的可逆驱动能力为基础,研究人员通过引入负反馈回路控制机制,构建了LCE自持驱动器,使LCE基于物理智能直接从恒定能源或自然环境获取能量,并模仿自然软体生物的规律性、连续性和自持续运动,实现自主连续变形和自持移动功能。本文从LCE刺激响应性出发,详细总结了LCE自振荡器和LCE自持行进器两大类自持驱动系统的构筑原理、负反馈控制机制、运动模式和潜在应用领域,并对LCE自持驱动系统的发展前景进行了展望。Liquid crystal elastomer(LCE)actuators are stimuli-responsive anisotropic polymer networks with aligned mesogens and moderate crosslinking.Renowned for their reversible actuation capability,diverse stimuli-responsiveness,rapid response,high programmability and robust mechanical properties,LCE actuators hold significant promise in applications such as soft robotics,artificial muscles and microintelligent devices.Recently,based on the reversible actuation of LCEs,self-sustained LCE actuators have emerged through the integration of built-in negative feedback loop control within the actuating system.These actuators emulate biological soft systems,executing rhythmic,continuous,and self-sustaining motions by autonomously harvesting energy from constant stimuli or natural environments and converting it into perpetual mechanical motion through their physical intelligence.This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the stimuli-responsiveness,construction principles,negative feedback control mechanisms,motion dynamics and potential application fields of two key categories:LCE self-oscillators and LCE self-sustained locomotors.We also provide an outlook on the future prospect of self-sustained LCE actuaors.

关 键 词：液晶弹性体 刺激响应性 自持驱动 自振荡器 自持行进器 

分 类 号：O753.2[理学—晶体学]