刑事诉讼行为瑕疵的程序处置实证研究  

Empirical Research on Procedural Management of Deficient Criminal Procedural Acts

作　　者：陈希捷 CHEN Xijie

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院

出　　处：《暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)》2024年第12期53-69,共17页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划共建课题“数字社会的公民守法行为实证研究:基于广州数字轻罪实践样本”(2022GZGJ202)。

摘　　要：刑事诉讼行为瑕疵在实践中呈现对公权力违法作最宽泛解释的处置态度,且处置诉讼行为瑕疵以完成实体认定为目标,存在不当忽略已经存在的诉讼行为瑕疵的放纵瑕疵行动倾向。因此应当从实现法院对国家权力违法冲动的司法控制出发,在瑕疵利益理论基础上构建以法院裁决为核心的诉讼行为瑕疵处置机制。就审查程序而言,应先以目的解释的方法识别诉讼行为瑕疵,其次以“可能性标准”为基础的反面排除规则判断诉讼行为瑕疵与公正审判之间的因果关系,最后视被告人基于“瑕疵利益”作出是否行使瑕疵异议权的程序权利,以决定诉讼行为瑕疵是否应被忽略或作出对被告人有利的“从轻量刑”决定,发挥瑕疵利益理论对诉讼行为瑕疵程序处置的引领作用。The legal practice of deficient criminal procedural acts shows the trends of broad explanation of handling deficient acts from authorities,aiming at achieving substantial ruling in case of deficiency procedural management,and wrongfully ignoring the existing deficient criminal procedural act.Consequently,structuring the procedural mechanism of deficient criminal procedural act should be started with the judicial control from a court of the authority s impulse of breaking the law,building the mechanism focus on judges ruling that is based on the theory of deficiency interest.Specifically,the procedural disposal mechanism of deficient criminal procedural acts follows a sequential construction.First,the procedural disposal of criminal procedural defects uses the interpretation method for retrospective law regulation to identify whether the procedural defects are present.Secondly,it uses the“possibility standard”to judge whether there is a causal relationship between the defects of the litigation conduct and the fair trial.Only when the defects of the litigation conduct are not used as the basis for judgment or the court takes remedial measures in time,can the possibility of the defects of the litigation conduct affecting the fair trial be excluded.Finally,when it is impossible to rule out the causal relationship between the defects of litigation conduct and fair trial,the defendant should be consulted and confirmed whether to exercise the defect objection right based on the defect interest.If the defendant gives up exercising the right of defect objection,the effect of the defect of the litigation act shall be valid.However,if the defendant chooses to continue to exercise the right of defect objection,the judge can consider making a favorable determination to the defendant in the way of penalty right loss,thus exerting the shaping function of procedural justice on the entity result.Therefore,the procedural disposal mechanism of criminal procedural defects responds to the dilemma of the current disposal of proced

关 键 词：刑事诉讼行为瑕疵 瑕疵利益 异议权 程序处置 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学]