面向科技成果转化的高校与企业专利技术相似性量化方法研究  

Research on Quantitative Methods of Patent Technology Similarity Between Universities and Enterprises for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements

作　　者：方小利 肖学斌[1,2] 刘霞[1] FANG Xiaoli;XIAO Xuebin;LIU Xia(Library,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072;Intellectual Property Information Services Center,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学图书馆,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学知识产权信息服务中心,武汉430072

出　　处：《中国发明与专利》2025年第2期4-13,共10页China Invention & Patent

基　　金：国防纵向项目“2023-416视觉XXXX发展研究”(编号:240371580)资助。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]高校专利转化是我国科技成果转化工作的重点任务之一。但是,由于我国高校专利技术与企业需求之间的明显差距,使得高校专利转化率长期处于较低水平。缩小这种差距是提高高校专利转化率的重要途径。在缩小差距过程中,量化性的差距不仅可以明确差距的大小,评价高校采取缩小差距的相关措施的有效性,还可以为企业寻找高校合作伙伴提供参考。[方法/过程]本文利用行业期刊文献的关键词构建词库,基于词库提取同行业专利说明书摘要中的术语作为专利文献关键词,以此为基础,采用Jaccard相似系数计算法,量化高校专利与企业专利之间的技术相似性,并以视觉导航领域的专利文献为例,验证该方法的有效性。[结果/结论]研究结果表明,本文所提出的方法原理简单、计算快捷方便,可以为高校科技成果转化、高校科技研发策略调整、产学研合作、企业技术采购等活动过程中的技术相似性评估提供科学依据。[Purpose/Significance]The transformation of patents in universities is one of the key tasks in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in China.However,due to the significant gap between the patent technology of Chinese universities and the demand of enterprises,the patent conversion rate of Chinese universities has been at a low level for a long time.Narrowing this gap is clearly an important way to improve the patent conversion rate of universities.In the process of narrowing the gap,quantifying the gap can not only clarify the degree of gap and evaluate the effectiveness of relevant measures taken by universities to narrow the gap,but also provide references for enterprises to find university partners.[Method/Process]Based on the keywords from the journal literature in a research area,a word library is constructed at first.And based on the word library,the technical terms in the abstracts of patent literature in the same area are extracted by word segmentation method,which are used as the keywords of the patent literature mentioned above.Then based on patent literature keywords,the Jaccard similarity coefficient calculation method is used to quantitatively evaluate the technical similarity between university patents and enterprise patents.The effectiveness of this method is verified by taking patent literature in the field of visual navigation as an example.[Result/Conclusion]The research results indicate that the proposed method for the technical similarity between university patents and enterprise patents is simple in principle,fast and convenient in calculation,and can provide guidance for the evaluation of technical similarity involved in activities such as the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities,the adjustment of scientific and technological research and development strategies in universities,the industry-university-institute cooperation,and the technology procurement in enterprises.

关 键 词：高校 企业 专利转化 技术差距量化 技术相似系数 

分 类 号：G306[文化科学] G644