从自由主义到马克思主义——论新中国成立后沈从文思想裂变的历史与逻辑  

From Liberalism to Marxism——On the History and Logic of Shen Congwen's Thought Fission After the Founding of New China

作　　者：何小平[1] 姚婷婷 He Xiaoping;Yao Tingting

机构地区：[1]吉首大学文学与新闻传播学院

出　　处：《思想与文化》2024年第1期305-328,共24页Thought & Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“沈从文的图像实践研究”(20FZWB004);湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题“沈从文的‘形象史学’实践研究”(XSP20YBZ096)

摘　　要：新中国成立前,沈从文是中国现代知识分子中自由主义者的代表人物之一。新中国成立后,沈从文作为旧知识分子接受了新中国政府组织的思想改造,经过系统的政治学习和社会实践的现实教育,接受并学术践行了马克思主义思想。沈从文立足辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义思想原则,坚持普遍联系观、发展观,采用传统文献、出土文物与图像三者综合比较的“三重证据法”,对中国传统图像、图案和文物等形象性历史遗存进行跨学科比较和整体性的研究,学术成就巨大。拟以历史与逻辑结合的方法,考察沈从文学术实践中的唯物主义立场与科学实证精神,梳理其对普遍联系观与发展观的学术践行情况,分析其“三重证据法”研究方法创新背后的辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义原则,探讨其跨学科、比较与整体研究的学术特征的表现及形成根源,以整体地认知和历史地理解沈从文的学术思想、学术成就与学术地位。After the founding of New China,Shen Congwen,as an old intellectual,had accepted the ideological transformation organized by the government.Through systematic political study and realistic education in social activities,he had accepted Marxism and put it into practice.Adhering to the concept of universal connection and development,Shen Congwen adopted the Triple Evidence Method to make comprehensive comparisons among the traditional documents,the cultural relics unearthed and the cultural images.Thus he had made interdisciplinary comparisons and overall researches on the visual historical remains such as the Chinese traditional images,patterns and cultural relics,and had made great academic achievements.With the method of combining history with logic,this paper aims to investigate Shen Congwen's materialist stand and his empirical research spirit in his academic practice,and sort out his academic practice of his view of universal connection and development.This paper analyzes the principle of dialectical materialism and historical materialism behind his innovation of the research method,the Triple Evidence Method,and probes into the origin of the demonstrations of his academic characteristics of the interdisciplinary,comparative and overall researches,in order to comprehensively recognize and historically understand his academic thought,academic achievements and academic status.

关 键 词：沈从文 马克思主义 普遍联系观 发展观 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] I206[哲学宗教—哲学理论] J120.9[文学—中国文学] K87[艺术—艺术理论]