解座文考  

A Study on Jiezuowen(Verses for Dispersing Assemblies)

作　　者： 李鹏飛(譯) 

机构地区：[1]日本大谷大學文學部 [2]首都師範大學國際文化學院

出　　处：《中国俗文化研究》2023年第2期17-36,共20页Studies on Folk Literature

基　　金：公益周團法人日台交流協會共同研究助成專業(人文·社會科學類)《佛教的學與用——東亞佛教應用類典籍的流布與典藏》(研究代表者:楊明璋)中的部分成果。

摘　　要：本文回顧前人對於“解座文”這一擬題的歷史過程與合理性,並一一分析寫有解座文的P.2305V、P.3128V、S.2440的特徵,其中P.2305V有八篇解座文,P.3128V有兩篇解座文,S.2440也留存有解座文的隻言片語。通過比較多篇解座文,可以發現解座文在末尾勸聽衆回家,朗讀時間多數都在晚夕,一般不會作爲講經最後一天所誦讀的文獻。經過與相關變文故事文字的對比,筆者認爲解座文應當是和佛教故事結合在一起的。解座文的導語並非每次誦讀時都必須使用,可依據講經場合因時制宜。此外,解座文不僅反映廣爲流傳的彌陀信仰,也反映兜率净土信仰,兩種净土信仰可並行不悖,解座文伴隨的講唱活動在净土信仰的世俗化過程中起到一定作用。敦煌文獻中存有數件“真題”的押座文,押座文與解座文在寫本的殘存數和在講經中的位置安排未必一致,應加以注意和區分。This paper reviews the historical process and rationality of the proposed topic of“Jiezuowen”,and summarizes the characteristics of the three manuscripts that write the Jiezuowen-P.2305V,P.3128Vand S.2440 one by one,of which eight are Jiezuo texts in P.2305V,two are Jiezuo texts in P.3128V,and only the phrases of Jiezuo text are also retained in S.2440.By comparing the similar texts of many exposition texts,it can be found that the exhortation of the audience to go home at the end of the excitation time is mostly at night,and it is generally not used as a document to be read on the last day of the sermon.After comparing the sentences with the related text change stories,the author believes that the interpretation of the text should be combined with the Buddhist story.The introduction to the Interpretation Text,which is not required every time the Interpretation is recited and can be used according to the occasion of the sermon.In addition,the text reflects not only the widely spread Mida belief,but also the Pure Land belief,and the actual situation of the two Pure Land beliefs can be paralleled,and the singing activities accompanying the Jiezuo text played a certain role in the secularization of the Pure Land faith.There are several“true inscriptions”in the Dunhuang literature,and the arrangement of the number of surviving texts and the position of the sermons may not be the same as those of the two texts,and should be noted and distinguished.

关 键 词：解座文 押座文 敦煌 净土信仰 寫本概要 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学] I207.7[文学—中国文学]