历史街区文化场景舒适物对游客感知的影响机制——以中国澳门老街为例  

Influence mechanism of cultural scene amenities on tourist perception in historical districts:A case study of old streets in Macao,China

作　　者：陈墅香 陈溢晨[2] 刘塨 Chen Shuxiang;Chen Yichen;Liu Gong(Faculty of Humanities and Arts,Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao 999078,China;College of Engineering,Fujian Jiangxia University,Fuzhou 350108,China;School of Architecture,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学人文艺术学院,中国澳门999078 [2]福建江夏学院工程学院,福州350108 [3]华侨大学建筑学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《中国生态旅游》2024年第5期1009-1026,共18页Journal of Chinese Ecotourism

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2023J011110);福建省社会科学基金项目(FJ2021C114)

摘　　要：历史街区是城市重要的记忆空间、文化空间和消费空间,强化游客的文化场景感知是历史街区文化和旅游深度融合发展的重要议题。研究基于场景理论,以中国澳门3条历史街区为例,利用网络评论文本数据和百度地图兴趣点(POI)数据,通过词频及语义网络分析、主轴编码、核密度估计、舒适物赋分和场景测度计算,探讨历史街区文化场景舒适物对游客感知的影响。研究发现:(1)游客对历史街区文化场景感知主要包括景点历史、建筑风貌、本土特色、艺术展览、活动行为、空间氛围、休闲消费、美食体验8类要素,进而可以将历史街区文化场景感知的舒适物类型分为文物建筑、文化展示、消费体验3大类。(2)文物建筑类舒适物是游客文化场景感知的基础,文化展示类和消费体验类舒适物对游客感知的影响则更加显著。(3)游客的主观感知不仅受客观场景中舒适物密度的正向影响,还受到舒适物类型和空间分布复杂关系的影响。舒适物的高密度分布通常会增强游客感知,但低密度分布不一定会导致低关注度。(4)3类舒适物与“原真性、戏剧性、合法性”维度形成了一对一的紧密关联,各维度表达上的不足会削弱游客的主观感知,以及文化场景的整体吸引力。研究为丰富场景理论应用提供了案例,对促进历史街区的可持续保护与更新发展有一定的参考意义。Historical districts are important spaces for urban memory,culture,and consumption.Enhancing tourists’scene perception is a crucial issue for the deep integration of cultural and tourism development in historical districts.This study is based on the scene theory and uses three historical districts in Macao,China,as examples.We utilize online review text data and Points of Interest(POI)data from Baidu Maps.Through word frequency analysis,semantic network analysis,axial coding,kernel density estimation,amenity scoring,and scene measurement calculations,we explore the impact of cultural scene amenities on tourist perception.The study finds that:(1)tourists’scene perception in historic districts mainly includes eight elements,including historical sites,architectural style,local characteristics,art exhibitions,activities,spatial atmosphere,leisure consumption,and culinary experiences.These elements can be categorized into three main types of cultural scene amenities:heritage buildings,cultural displays,and consumption experiences.(2)Heritage buildings form the foundation of tourists’scene perception,while consumption experiences and cultural displays have a more significant impact on tourists’perception.(3)Tourists’subjective perception is positively influenced by the density of amenities in the objective scene,but it is also affected by the complex relationship between amenity types and spatial distribution.While high-density amenities typically enhance perception,low-density distribution does not necessarily lead to reduced attention.(4)The three types of amenities are closely related to the dimensions of“authenticity”“theatricality”and“legitimacy”with a one-to-one manner.Deficiencies in the expression of the dimensions can diminish the subjective perception of tourists and the overall appeal of the cultural scene.The study enriches the application of the scene theory with case examples and provides valuable insights for the sustainable protection and development of historical districts.

关 键 词：历史街区 舒适物 场景感知 场景理论 保护与更新 澳门地区老街 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理] G127[经济管理—产业经济]