石油降解菌的筛选鉴定及混合菌系的构建  

Isolation,identification of oil degrading bacteria and construction of bacterial consortium

作　　者：贾苗苗 李海红[1] 邓田田 JIA Miao-miao;LI Hai-hong;DENG Tian-tian(College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第S1期213-220,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：陕西省科技厅社会发展领域项目(2020SF-435);榆林市科技计划项目(CXY-2020-054)

摘　　要：采用富集分离方法从陕北某炼油厂石油污染土壤中筛选石油降解菌.通过生理生化试验和16SrDNA基因序列分析鉴定菌株种属;选取pH值、盐度、氮源、接种量和石油浓度作为单因素,探究不同单因素对菌株生长的影响;通过拮抗试验,构建石油降解混合菌系并探究其对石油降解效果.结果表明:从石油污染土壤中筛选出4株能够在含油培养基上生长良好的菌株,其分别属于不动杆菌属Acinetobacter(T2、T4、T5)和芽孢杆菌属Bacillus(T3);在单因素试验中pH值、盐度、氮源、接种量和石油浓度都会影响菌株的生长;4株菌无拮抗作用,对其同比例组合共构建15组菌系,接种量体积比1:1:1:1组成的混合菌系P在相同时间内石油降解率最高(89%),说明混合菌系P对石油具有高效降解能力.本试验结果旨在为修复石油污染土壤提供理论参考.The enrichment and separation method was used to select oil-degrading bacteria from the soil around an oil refinery in northern Shaanxi of China.The identification of bacterial strains was performed by physiological and biochemical assays and 16SrDNA gene sequence.Then the parameters such as pH value,salinity,nitrogen source,inoculum size and oil concentration were selected as single factors on selected strains growth.Besides,through antibiotic tests,oil-degrading bacterial consortium was constructed with the selected strains for oil treatment.Four oil-tolerance bacterial strains including Acinetobacter(T2、T4、T5)and Bacillus(T3)were selected;pH value,salinity,nitrogen source,inoculum size and oil concentration affected the growth of the four strains.Among 15 bacterial combinations without inhibiting effect on each other between the four strains,consortium P mixed with a volume ratio as 1:1:1:1 showed the highest oil degradation rate of 89%in the same time.This paper provides a theoretical reference for microbial remediation of oil-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：石油降解菌 16SrDNA 拮抗试验 混合菌系 石油降解率 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53