主合同仲裁协议对保证合同的效力研究——兼评《仲裁法征求意见稿》第24条规定  

作　　者：韩雪 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《商事仲裁与调解》2024年第6期5-20,共16页Commercial Arbitration & Mediation

摘　　要：纠纷涉及主合同与保证合同时,主合同仲裁协议并不一定对保证合同的当事人具有约束力。《中华人民共和国仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》第24条规定采用“从随主走”原则,忽视了保证合同当事人的意思自治。正确的做法应是根据主从合同关于争议解决方式的约定,区分一般保证合同与连带保证合同、按份共同保证与连带共同保证等不同情形,分别判断主合同仲裁协议对保证合同的效力。如果主合同约定了仲裁协议,而保证合同约定了诉讼或约定了不同于主合同的其他仲裁机构,则原则上保证合同不受主合同仲裁协议的约束,应按照各自的约定方式解决争议,除非债权人仅要求连带(共同)保证人承担责任,在这种情况下,视为债权人放弃了主合同仲裁协议。如果主合同约定了仲裁协议,而保证合同未作任何约定,则原则上保证合同应受主合同仲裁协议的约束,除非债权人单独起诉连带(共同)保证人,在这种情况下,主合同仲裁协议因债权人的选择而失效。When disputes involve both the main contract and the guarantee contract,the arbitration of the main contract does not necessarily have binding force on the parties to the guarantee contract.Article 24 of the"Arbitration Law of the People's Republic of China(Revised)(Draft for Comments)"adopts the principle of"following the main contract",which overlooks the contractual autonomy of the parties to the guarantee contract.The correct approach should be to distinguish between different types of contracts,such as general guarantee contracts and joint and several guarantee contracts,as well as several co-guarantees and joint and several co-guarantees,based on the agreements regarding dispute resolution in the main and subordinate contracts,and to determine the effect of the main contract's arbitration on the guarantee contract accordingly.Specifically,if the main contract stipulates arbitration,while the guarantee contract stipulates litigation or a different arbitration institution from the main contract,the guarantee contract is generally not subject to the main contract's arbitration and should resolve disputes according to its own agreed method,unless the creditor only demands the joint(common)guarantor to assume responsibility.In this case,it is considered that the creditor has waived the arbitration of the main contract.If the main contract stipulates arbitration and the guarantee contract makes no agreement,the guarantee contract is generally subject to the arbitration of the main contract,unless the creditor sues the joint(common)guarantor separately,in which case the arbitration of the main contract becomes ineffective due to the creditor's choice.

关 键 词：仲裁法 主合同仲裁协议 仲裁协议效力 管辖权异议 反担保 

分 类 号：D925.7[政治法律—诉讼法学]