2019-2023年乌鲁木齐市学生近视与戴镜情况调查分析  

Survey And Analysis of Myopia And Glasses Among Students in Urumqi from 2019 to 2023

作　　者：李宁 杨磊 李小龙 赵勇 Li ning;Yang lei;Li xiaolong;Zhao yong(Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xinjiang Medical University,Wulumuqi Xinjiang 830000,China;Xinjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Wulumuqi Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学附属中医医院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区中医药研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《生命科学仪器》2024年第4期167-169,共3页Life Science Instruments

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(No.2022D01C551)

摘　　要：目的调查2019年至2023年乌鲁木齐市7~18岁学生近视、近视戴镜率及足矫率情况。方法采用横断面调查法,于2019、2021、2023年3月至7月,采用以学校为单位的分层整群抽样选取21所学校。所有学生均进行裸眼远视力、戴镜视力和非散瞳电脑验光检查,分析检查结果。结果2019、2021、2023年乌鲁木齐市7~18岁学生近视检出率分别为48.4%、47.2%、47.5%,近视戴镜率分别为49.5%、44.7%、53.3%,足矫率分别为35.0%、34.0%、47.9%,P<0.001。随着教育程度的增加,不同年份近视检出率、近视戴镜率和足矫率均显著上升,P<0.001;各年份女生近视率和近视戴镜率均显著高于男生,女生足矫率则低于男生,P<0.001。各年份汉族近视检出率、近视戴镜率均高于其他民族,P<0.001。2021年汉族足矫率高于其他民族,P<0.001。2019、2023年不同民族之间足矫率对比,P>0.05。结论2021年和2023年乌鲁木齐市7~18岁学生近视率均低于2019年,表明近视防控工作取得显著的阶段性成果。2023年近视戴镜率和足矫率均明显高于2019年和2021年,表明近视矫正意识正在逐步增强。Objective:To investigate myopia,myopia wearing rate and foot correction rate of students aged 7-18 in Urumqi from 2019 to 2023.Methods:Cross-sectional survey was used.From March to July in 2019、2021 and 2023,21 schools were selected by stratified cluster sampling.All students were examined for naked-eye far vision,wearing glasses vision and non-mydriatic computer optometry,and the results were analyzed.Results:In 2019、2021 and 2023,the detection rate of myopia among students aged 7~18 in Urumqi was 48.4%、47.2%and 47.5%,the wearing rate of myopia was 49.5%、44.7%and 53.3%respectively,and the foot correction rate was 35.0%、34.0%and 47.9%respectively.With the increase of education level,the myopia detection rate,myopia wearing rate and foot correction rate increased significantly in different years,P<0.001;The myopia rate and myopia wearing rate of girls in each year were significantly higher than those of boys,while the foot correction rate of girls was lower than that of boys,P<0.001.The detection rate of myopia and myopia wearing rate of Han nationality in each year were higher than those of other nationalities,P<0.001.In 2021,the foot correction rate of Han nationality was higher than that of other nationalities,P<0.001.Comparison:of foot correction rate between different ethnic groups in 2019 and 2023,P>0.05.Conclusion The myopia rate of students aged 7~18 in Urumqi in 2021 and 2023 is lower than that in 2019,which shows that the prevention and control of myopia has achieved remarkable results.In 2023,the myopia wearing rate and foot correction rate were significantly higher than those in 2019 and 2021,indicating that the awareness of myopia correction is gradually increasing.

关 键 词：近视 戴镜 学生 少数民族 流行病调查 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]