论线上线下诉讼行为的“等效原则”——新《民事诉讼法》第16条第2款的解释论展开  

作　　者：汪放 

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2024年第5期166-180,共15页Law and Modernization

摘　　要：《民事诉讼法》(2021年修正)首次在总则部分确立民事诉讼线上线下诉讼行为的“等效原则”,其内涵丰富、意义重大、影响深远。“等效原则”的确立,不仅为有序推进我国在线诉讼的健康发展提供合法性依据,而且为深入探索在线诉讼的具体规则提供方向性与纲领性的指引。对“等效原则”内涵的理解,应以“功能等值理论”作为解释论基础,并结合民事诉讼基本原理、法律“基本原则”的应有含义等作本体论上的理论阐释。对“等效原则”具体适用规则的阐释,既要重点探讨其对不同诉讼法律关系主体所提出的不同要求,也要厘清并阐明其适用对象、适用情形(范围)、适用边界等常规要素。此外,还应进一步探究因法院、当事人及技术困境等引发在线诉讼行为无效或瑕疵,导致“等效原则”失效或失范时的补救措施和程序法救济路径。The 2021 revision of the Civil Procedure Law has introduced,for the first time in its general provisions,the“equivalence principle”governing online and offline litigation acts.This principle is rich in connotations,significant in meaning,and has far-reaching implications.The establishment of the“equivalence principle”not only provides a legal foundation for the orderly and healthy development of online litigation in China but also offers directional and programmatic guidance for further exploration of specific online litigation rules.To fully understand the connotations of the“equivalence principle”,it is necessary to base its interpretation on the“function equivalence theory”,while also integrating it with the fundamental principles of civil litigation and the inherent meanings of the“basic principles”of law.This theoretical framework should be approached from an ontological perspective.In terms of the specific application of the“equivalence principle”,it is crucial to examine the different requirements it imposes on various participants in the litigation process,such as courts(judges)and litigants.Beyond the conventional considerations of application objects and applicable scenarios(scope),it is also essential to delve into remedial measures and procedural relief pathways.These come into play when the“equivalence principle”is rendered ineffective or compromised due to invalid or flawed online litigation acts resulting from challenges faced by courts,parties,or technical difficulties.

关 键 词：“等效原则” 解释论 “等效原则”的适用 “等效原则”的程序救济 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]