不同微生物菌剂对马铃薯产量及土壤特性的影响  

Effects of Microbial Agents on Soil Properties and Potato Yield

作　　者：韩向东 高鑫 李星星 周雪 袁一鸣 王海浪 HAN Xiangdong;GAO Xin;LI Xingxing;ZHOU Xue;YUAN Yiming;WANG Hailang(Yan’an Soil and Fertilizer Workstation,Yan’an,Shaanxi 716000,China;Yan'an Agricultural Science Research Institute,Yan’an,Shaanxi 716000,China;Shaanxi Agricultural Radio and Television School Yan'an Branch,Yan’an,Shaanxi 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安市土壤肥料工作站,陕西延安716000 [2]延安市农业科学研究院,陕西延安716000 [3]陕西省农业广播电视学校延安市分校,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2025年第1期65-70,83,共7页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了全能型微生物菌剂(M1)、解钾型微生物菌剂(M2)和巨大芽孢杆菌(M3)3种微生物菌剂对马铃薯产量及土壤速效养分、土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:微生物菌剂对促进土壤速效养分含量和土壤酶活性提高均有积极作用。在马铃薯各生育时期土壤中速效养分含量总体以(M1)处理最高,M2次之;土壤酶活性M1、M2均较高,与CK差异显著。块茎产量M1、M2、M33种菌剂分别较CK增产15.99%、8.44%、7.58%。土壤酶活性及土壤速效养分含量与马铃薯块茎产量均呈正相关性,其中过氧化氢酶、碱解氮、速效磷与产量呈极显著正相关,土壤过氧化氢酶与土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量呈极显著或显著正相关,蔗糖酶活性与土壤速效钾含量呈显著正相关。综合结果表明,施用微生物菌剂均可提高马铃薯田土壤酶活性和土壤速效养分含量,进而提高马铃薯产量,其中以全能型微生物菌剂(M1)效果最明显。This study investigated the effects of different microbial agents on soil properties and the yield of potato through field experiments,focusing on changes in soil available nutrients and soil enzyme activities caused by M1 microbial agents,M2 microbial agents,and M3 Bacillus megaterium.The results showed that microbial agents had positive effects on soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity.The content of available nutrients in the soil at different growth stages of potato was highest with the omnipotent microbial agent,followed by the potassium-dissolving microbial agent.Soil enzyme activities initially increased and then decreased as the growth period progressed.The enzyme activities induced by the M1 and M2 microbial agents were higher compared to the control group(CK),showing statistical significance.Compared with CK,the three microbial agents increased potato yield by 15.99%,8.44%,and 7.58%,respectively.Positive correlations were observed among soil enzyme activities,soil available nutrients,and potato yield.Specifically,catalase,alkaline nitrogen,and available phosphorus were significantly correlated with potato yield.In summary,the application of microbial agents effectively increases soil nutrient content,enzyme activity,and potato yield,with M1 microbial agents showing the most significant improvement.

关 键 词：马铃薯 微生物菌剂 土壤酶活性 土壤养分 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]