曲线条件下重载列车闸瓦压力不均衡紧急制动特性分析  

Analysis of emergency braking characteristics of unbalanced brake shoe pressure of heavy-haul train under curve conditions

作　　者：张铭涛 王志伟[1,2] 刘鹏飞 石怀龙[1] 刘国云[4] 张卫华 ZHANG Mingtao;WANG Zhiwei;LIU Pengfei;SHI Huailong;LIU Guoyun;ZHANG Weihua(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;The State Key Laboratory of Heavy-duty and Express High-power Electric Locomotive,CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031 [3]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043 [4]中车株洲电力机车有限公司重载快捷大功率电力机车全国重点实验室,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报(自然科学)》2025年第1期205-212,共8页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52205217);河北省省级科技计划项目(225676162GH);轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室自主课题(2024RVL-T09)。

摘　　要：为研究重载列车通过曲线时闸瓦压力不均衡对轮轨动态相互作用的影响,以万吨重载列车为研究对象,根据多体动力学理论,建立考虑基础制动装置且能够模拟轮瓦摩擦制动效果的三维和一维混编的万吨重载列车动力学模型,并对动力学模型的有效性进行验证。基于此,针对曲线上基础制动装置故障导致目标车辆出现不均衡闸瓦压力的情况,系统研究了不均衡闸瓦压力对重载列车曲线通过性能的影响。仿真结果表明:在曲线线路上出现紧急制动不均衡闸瓦压力时,列车产生的车钩力和轮轨激励的共同作用导致重载列车动力学行为恶化。通过1200 m的曲线半径时,在车钩力和闸瓦压力不均衡作用的影响下,一位轮对的横移量、轮轴横向力和磨耗数相比正常制动工况分别增大了16.7%、25.7%和118.66%。列车在半径为600 m的曲线上发生闸瓦压力不均衡时,轮轨动态相互作用恶化最为严重,闸瓦压力不均衡导致列车出现脱轨、轮缘贴靠以及轮对磨损的可能性更大。因此,在重载列车实际运行和维护过程中,需重点关注列车在曲线上的制动行为以及基础制动装置的保养。Heavy-haul trains often experience a series of problems caused by brake shoe braking during operation.These problems lead to changes in the interactions between vehicles,thereby deteriorating the dynamic behavior of the heavy-haul trains.The impacts of brake shoe braking problems are quite complex.In order to conduct in-depth research on the impact of unbalanced brake shoe pressure caused by foundation braking device failures on the dynamic interaction between the wheel and the rail when heavy-haul trains pass through curves,we take a ten-thousand-ton heavy-haul train as the research object.Based on the multi-body dynamics theory,we build a dynamic model of the ten-thousand-ton heavy-haul train with a three-dimensional and one-dimensional hybrid marshalling that takes into account the foundation braking device and can simulate the friction effect between the brake shoe and the wheel set.During the model-building process,we fully consider the interactions of various components of the train during operation and the actual friction between the brake shoe and the wheel set during the braking process.Then,the effectiveness of our dynamic model is verified.Through a series of experiments and data analysis,we ensure that the model can accurately reflect various dynamic characteristics of heavy-haul trains during actual operation.Based on this,for the issue of unbalanced brake shoe pressure,a systematic study was conducted on the impact of the situation where the foundation braking device failure causes unbalanced brake shoe pressure in target vehicles on the dynamic performance of the heavy-haul train when it passes through straight tracks and curves with different radii such as 600 m,800 m,1000 m,and 1200 m during emergency braking at a speed of 80 km/h.The simulation results show that when there is unbalanced brake shoe pressure during emergency braking on the curve line,the combined effect of the coupler force and wheel-rail excitation generated by the train leads to the deterioration of the dynamic behavior of the h

关 键 词：多体动力学 重载列车 紧急制动 闸瓦故障 曲线通过性能 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]