社会活动参与对中国老年人自评心理健康城乡差异的影响  

Effect of social activity participation on self-rated mental healthdisparity between urban and rural older adults in China

作　　者：田壮[1] 王雪仪 杨鹤 黄悦勤[3] 翟敏[1] 刘燕 TIAN Zhuang;WANG Xueyi;YANG He;HUANG Yueqin;ZHAI Min;LIU Yan(School of Public Health,Jining Medical University,Jining 272067,Shandong Province,China;School of Public Health,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang 261053,Shandong Province,China;Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁医学院公共卫生学院,山东济宁272067 [2]山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053 [3]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100083

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2025年第2期143-150,共8页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：山东省社科规划研究项目(23DSHJ03)。

摘　　要：目的:本研究拟基于2018年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)的4688名中国老年人数据分析不同类型社会活动对老年人自评心理健康城乡差异的影响。方法:采用因子分析法,将社会活动分解为娱乐活动、文化活动及亲友聚会;采用logistic回归分析社会活动对老年人自评心理健康的影响;采用Fairlie分解法确定社会活动对老年人自评心理健康城乡差异的影响。结果:城镇老年人(n=3139)自评心理健康较好比例(72.0%)高于农村老年人(n=1549)自评心理健康较好比例(53.7%)(P<0.001)。娱乐活动、亲友聚会对城乡老年人自评心理健康有促进作用,18.7%的自评心理健康差异可归因于城乡娱乐活动的差异,城乡居民在亲友聚会方面的差异可以解释约3.9%的自评心理健康差异。结论:城镇老年人的自评心理健康状况优于农村老年人。娱乐活动、亲友聚会均有利于城乡老年人的心理健康。城乡娱乐活动方面的差异是造成老年人自评心理健康城乡差异的重要原因。Objective:To explore the effect of different types of social activity participation on self-rated mental health disparity between urban and rural older adults in China.Methods:The study data was sourced from the 2018 wave of Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS).Factor analysis was applied to divide social activities into three dimensions:entertainment activities,cultural activities,family and friend gatherings.Logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the effect of social activity on self-rated mental health.Fairlie decomposition model was applied to explore the effect of social activity on urban-rural disparity in self-rated mental health.Results:The self-rated good mental health proportion of urban old persons(n=3139)was 72.0%,which was higher than that of rural old persons(n=1549)(53.7%)(P<0.001).Recreational activities and gatherings of friends and relatives significantly improved self-rated mental health in urban and rural old persons.Fairlie decomposition result revealed that approximately 18.7%of self-rated mental health disparity could be attributed to urban-rural disparity in entertainment activities.Moreover,urban-rural disparity in family and friends gatherings could explain about 3.9%of the disparity.Conclusion:Urban older adults have better mental health than their rural counterparts.Furthermore,social activity is beneficial to mental health for both urban and rural older adults.Urban-rural disparity in entertainment activities make an important contribution to mental health disparity between urban and rural older adults.

关 键 词：社会活动 自评心理健康 城乡差异 

分 类 号：B844.4[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R195[哲学宗教—心理学]