新城镇拆迁老年居民焦虑症状及其关联因素  

Anxiety symptoms and associated factors among relocatedelderly residents in new townships

作　　者：王雪仪 种雪 慕福芹 胡书章 郑艺 刘肇瑞[4] 陈红光[4] 黄悦勤[4] 刘燕 WANG Xueyi;CHONG Xue;MU Fuqin;HU Shuzhang;ZHENG Yi;LIU Zhaorui;CHEN Hongguang;HUANG Yueqin;LIU Yan(School of Public Health,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang 261053,Shandong Province,China;School of Mental Health,Jining Medical University,Jining 272013,Shandong Province,China;School of Public Health,Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science,Jinan 250117,China;Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Beijing 100083,China;School of Public Health,Jining Medical University,Jining 272013,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]济宁医学院精神卫生学院,山东济宁272013 [3]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)公共卫生与健康管理学院,济南250117 [4]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100083 [5]济宁医学院公共卫生学院,山东济宁272013

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2025年第2期151-156,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：泰山学者青年专家人才项目(tsqn201909145)。

摘　　要：目的:调查新城镇拆迁老年居民焦虑症状现状及关联因素,为预防和干预提供依据。方法:2021-2023年在山东省3个市区采用痴呆早期筛查问卷、广泛性焦虑量表、自制人口学特征信息调查表对新城镇拆迁的60岁及以上老年居民进行现况调查。应用单因素和多元logistic回归分析老年人焦虑症状的关联因素。结果:3313例拆迁老年居民中轻度焦虑症状检出率为5.8%,中重度焦虑症状为1.3%。自评心理状况一般(OR=0.52)、家庭氛围好(OR=0.34)、无自我感觉认知减退(OR=0.31)、无慢性病(OR=0.42)、一种慢性病(OR=0.61)为轻度焦虑症状的保护因素;饮食结构很好(OR=2.15)和一般(OR=2.39)为危险因素。家庭氛围很好(OR=0.11)和一般(OR=0.16)、无自我感觉认知减退(OR=0.14)为中重度焦虑症状的保护因素;拆迁0~3年(OR=3.24)和4~6年(OR=3.28)为危险因素。结论:新城镇拆迁老年居民焦虑症状的主要关联因素包括家庭环境、饮食结构、拆迁时间等,应针对拆迁人群的心理健康需求提供服务。Objective:To investigate anxiety symptoms and associated factors in relocated elderly residents of new townships,and to provide evidence for prevention interventions.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in relocated elderly residents in new townships of three urban areas in Shandong Province from 2021 to 2023.The study instruments included Ascertain Dementia-8,Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7,self-administered demographic characteristics information questionnaire.Multivariate analysis of factors associated with anxiety symptoms in elderly residents was performed using multivariate logistic regression.Results:The prevalence rate of mild anxiety symptoms was 5.8%,and the rate of moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms was 1.3%in 3313 residents.Multivariate analysis found that self-assessed general psychological condition(OR=0.52),good family environment(OR=0.34),no self-perceived cognitive impairment(OR=0.31),no chronic diseases(OR=0.42),and only one chronic disease(OR=0.61)were protective factors for mild anxiety symptoms,and very good dietary structure(OR=2.15)and fair dietary structure(OR=2.39)were risk factors for those.Very good family environment(OR=0.11)and average family environment(OR=0.16),and no self-perceived cognitive impairment(OR=0.14)were protective factors for moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms,and 0-3 years(OR=3.24)and 4-6 years(OR=3.28)of relocation were risk factors for those.Conclusion:Family environment,dietary structure,and duration since relocation are key factors associated with anxiety symptoms among relocated elderly residents in new townships.Targeted interventions should be implemented to address their mental health needs.

关 键 词：老年人 焦虑症状 拆迁 相关因素 现况调查 

分 类 号：R749.72[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]