休假何以促进创新:学术休假的概念发展和制度变革  

How Leave Promotes Innovation:The Conceptual Development and Institutional Reform of Academic Leave

作　　者：沈健 徐洪 Shen Jian;Xu Hong

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院 [2]北京师范大学科研院

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2025年第1期96-103,共8页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“高校科技成果权属改革的政策效果与作用机制研究”(24YJA880049)。

摘　　要：随着时代发展和大学职能拓展,学术休假从传统带薪学术假扩充为兼有带薪与无薪两种方式,从侧重特定教师群体的休养福利,发展成为全员享有但更具创新指向的战略措施。以哈佛大学和斯坦福大学为对象的研究发现,美国顶尖大学现今学术休假制度呈现三个特征:(1)带薪学术假不断降低门槛,全员享有且以科研创新为目标导向;(2)无薪学术假是学术休假新形式,成为高校服务社会、联系产业的重要渠道;(3)大学建立了利益冲突管理和院系主责配套机制,以更好保障学术休假发挥正面效应。中国大学学术休假制度尚处于探索阶段,需要明确学术休假功能定位,完善学术休假的形式,注重制度配套和政策引导,推动学术休假更好地服务大学科研创新和推动社会经济发展。With the development of the times and the expansion of university functions,academic leave has evolved from traditional sabbatical to include both paid and unpaid options.Initially focused on providing rest and welfare for specific groups of faculty members,academic leave has now become a strategic measure aimed at fostering innovation,available to all faculty.Observing top U.S.universities such as Harvard and Stanford,the current academic leave system in these institutions exhibits three characteristics:①paid sabbatical has seen lowered thresholds,is available to all faculty,and is goal-oriented towards scientific and research innovation;②③unpaid academic leave has emerged as a new form,becoming a vital channel for universities to serve society and engage with industry;universities have established mechanisms for managing conflicts of interest and departmental accountability to better ensure the positive impact of academic leave.The academic leave system in Chinese universities is still in the exploratory stage.It is necessary to clarify the functional positioning of academic leave,improve the forms of academic leave,focus on institutional support and policy guidance,and promote academic leave to better serve university research innovation and drive social and economic development.

关 键 词：学术休假 教师发展 科研创新 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]