桥梁截面形式对列车横风气动特性的影响  

Influence of Different Bridge Section Forms on Aerodynamic Characteristics of High-speed trains in Crosswind Environments

作　　者：赵延佳 李志伟 黄莎 郑晨 曾广志 ZHAO Yanjia;LI Zhiwei;HUANG Sha;ZHENG Chen;ZENG Guangzhi(School of Rail Transportation,Wuyi University,Jiangmen 529020,China;Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation,Maintenance and Emergency Management for Rail Transit,Jiangmen 529020,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Kowloon 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学轨道交通学院,广东江门529020 [2]江门市轨道交通智能运维与应急管理重点实验室,广东江门529020 [3]香港理工大学土木及环境工程系,中国香港九龙999077

出　　处：《五邑大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期46-54,共9页Journal of Wuyi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2022A1515010011);五邑大学港澳联合研究发展基金资助项目(2019WGALH17);江门基础与理论科学研究项目(2023JC01020)。

摘　　要：高速铁路线路建设中桥线比例高、断面形式多,在环境风条件下,不同桥梁形式断面与高速列车结构耦合对车辆周围气流流动影响显著,甚至影响列车行车安全.本文采用数值模拟方法求解三维N-S方程,对工程中常用的6种高速铁路桥梁形式下的列车横风气动特性进行仿真.计算结果表明,列车在穿过横风风速为40 m/s的风场时,综合上下线工况,桥梁U-B和R-B对列车的倾覆力矩系数影响较小,而桥梁CW-B和CS-B对列车的倾覆力矩系数影响较大;同一桥梁上运行时,上行线的气动力系数大于下行线的,当横风风速为40 m/s、列车在6种桥梁运行时,上下行线之间其平均横向力系数、升力系数和倾覆力矩系数分别相差56.9%、17.0%和14.2%;同一横风风速下,桥梁的几何形状会直接影响列车的迎风面风压,对列车运行安全性有着较大影响,同时桥梁的高度也会影响列车的气动载荷.In the construction of high-speed railway lines,the proportion of bridge lines is high and there are many cross sections.Under the environmental wind conditions,the coupling of different bridge cross sections and high-speed train structure has a significant impact on the air flow around vehicles,and even affects the train running safety.In this paper,the three-dimensional N-S equation is solved by numerical simulation method,and the transverse aerodynamic characteristics of trains under 6 types of high-speed railway Bridges commonly used in engineering are simulated.The results show that Bridges U-B and R-B have little influence on the overturning moment coefficient of the train,while Bridges CW-B and CS-B have a greater influence on the overturning moment coefficient of the train when the train passes through the wind field with the wind speed of cross wind.When the train runs on the same bridge,the aerodynamic coefficient of the up line is greater than that of the down line.When the cross wind speed is 40 m/s,the average transverse force coefficient,lift coefficient and overturning moment coefficient of the trains running on six types,the difference is 56.9%,17.0%and 14.2%respectively.Under the same cross wind speed,the geometry of the bridge will directly affect the wind pressure on the windward side of the train,which has a great impact on the safety of the train operation.At the same time,the height of the bridge will also affect the aerodynamic load of the train.

关 键 词：铁路桥梁截面 高速列车 横风 气动特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程]