LH原油和0^(#)柴油乳化液对凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺抗氧化酶活性及相关功能基因表达的影响  

Effects of LH crude oil and No.0 diesel oil emulsion on hepatopancreatic antioxidant enzyme activity and related functional gene expression in Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：沈楚焰 张喆[2] 陈海刚[2] 张林宝[2] 王学锋[1] SHEN Chuyan;ZHANG Zhe;CHEN Haigang;ZHANG Linbao;WANG Xuefeng(College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 554088,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment/Scientific Observation and Research Field Station of Pearl River Estuary Ecosystem,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部海洋牧场重点实验室/农业农村部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室/广东珠江口生态系统野外科学观测研究站,广东广州510300

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2025年第1期118-130,共13页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31702352);中国-东盟海上合作基金项目“中国与印度尼西亚近海海洋生态牧场技术合作研究”(12500101200021002);农业农村部财政专项项目(NHZX2024);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2023TD06);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2024RC12,2021SD17)。

摘　　要：近岸海域溢油污染会对海洋生物的生长发育造成多重危害。为研究LH原油和0^(#)柴油乳化液对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)肝胰腺的毒性影响,将LH原油和0^(#)柴油分为分散剂对照组(D组,0μg·L^(-1))、低浓度组(A组,25μg·L^(-1))、中浓度组(B组,50μg·L^(-1))和高浓度组(C组,250μg·L^(-1)),于第15天测定对虾肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)的活性和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量及相关功能基因SOD、CAT、GPx、溶菌酶(LZM)、细胞凋亡因子(caspase2)、过氧化物还原酶(Prx)、延伸因子(EF)、酚氧化酶原(proPO)的表达。结果显示:1)LH原油和0^(#)柴油乳化液均可影响对虾肝胰腺中的抗氧化系统和相关功能基因的表达,且0^(#)柴油的影响更为显著;2)综合生物标志物响应(Integrated biological re-sponse,IBR)指数变化呈一定的剂量-效应和时间-效应关系,随胁迫浓度增加和时间延长而升高;3)主成分分析(Prin-cipalcomponentanalysis,PCA)结果显示,LH原油和0^(#)柴油可显著影响抗氧化酶活性和caspase2基因的表达,但其响应生物标志物存在差异。研究表明,LH原油和0^(#)柴油乳化液均可显著影响凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺抗氧化酶的活性及相关功能基因的表达,进而影响其正常的生理功能,为评估石油类污染对凡纳滨对虾的毒性效应提供了基础数据支持。Marine oil spills cause multiple threats to the growth and development of marine organisms in coastal areas.To investigate the toxic effects of LH crude oil and No.0 diesel emulsion on the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei,we di-vided LH crude oil and No.0 diesel into a dispersant control group(Group D,0μg·L^(-1)),a low concentration group(Group A,25μg·L^(-1)),a medium concentration group(Group B,50μg·L^(-1)),and a high concentration group(Group C,250μg·L^(-1)).Then we measured the changes of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),glutathione S-transferase(GST)and glutathione(GSH),as well as the expression of related functional genes SOD,CAT,GPx,lysozyme(LZM),apoptosis factor(caspase2),peroxiredoxin(Prx),elongation factor(EF)and prophenoloxidase(proPO)on the 15th day.The results show that:1)Both LH crude oil and No.0 diesel oil emulsions stress caused changes in the antioxidant system and related functional genes in the hepatopancreas of L.vannamei,and the effects of No.0 diesel oil were more signifi-cant than that of LH crude oil.2)The integrated biomarker response(IBR)index showed a dose-effect and time-effect pattern,rising with increasing stress concentration and prolonged time.3)The results of principal component analysis(PCA)show that LH crude oil and No.0 diesel oil significantly affected the antioxidant enzyme activities and the relative expression of caspase2.However,there was a difference in the biomarkers sensitivity to crude oil and diesel oil.The study reveals that LH crude oil and No.0 diesel oil emulsion significantly affect the hepatopancreatic antioxidant enzyme activities and the expression of related functional genes in L.vannamei,affecting its normal physiological functions.The results provides fundamental data support for assessing the toxic effects of petroleum pollution on L.vannamei.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 LH原油 0#柴油 抗氧化酶 基因表达 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]