桑叶提取物对翘嘴鳜脾、肾、鳃结构及功能的影响  

Effects of mulberry leaf extract on the structure and function of the spleen,kidney and gill of Siniperca chuatsi

作　　者：周达 陈琪琪 徐杭忠 李勇 翟旭亮 薛洋 罗金强 滕树君 罗强 李纪中 于俊琦 马俊康 赵敏 罗莉[1] ZHOU Da;CHEN Qiqi;XU Hangzhong;LI Yong;ZHAI Xuliang;XUE Yang;LUO Jinqiang;TENG Shujun;LUO Qiang;LI Jizhong;YU Junqi;MA Junkang;ZHAO Min;LUO Li(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Resources and Reproductive Development of Ministry of Education,College of Fisheries,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China;Sichuan New Hope Liuhe Technology Innovation Co.,LTD.,Chengdu 610023,China;Chongqing Fisheries Technology Extension Station,Chongqing 400400,China;Tongnan District Agricultural Science and Technology Extension Center,Chongqing 402660,China;Bishan District Modern Agriculture Development Promotion Center,Chongqing 402760,China;Dazhu Branch of Chongqing Agricultural Radio and Television School,Chongqing 402360,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学水产学院,西南大学淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,重庆400716 [2]四川新希望六和科技创新有限公司,成都610023 [3]重庆市水产技术推广总站,重庆400400 [4]重庆市潼南区农业科技推广中心,重庆402660 [5]重庆市璧山区现代农业发展促进中心,重庆402760 [6]重庆市农业广播电视学校大足区分校,重庆402360

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2025年第1期91-98,共8页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：四川新希望六和科技创新有限公司项目;重庆市现代农业产业技术体系(生态渔业创新团队)项目(CQMAITS202315);重庆市潼南区区级科研项目(TK-2024-47)。

摘　　要：为探究饲料中添加桑叶提取物(MLE)对翘嘴鳜(Sinipeca cuatsi)脾、肾、鳃结构及功能的影响,在基础饲料中分别添加0、2.5、5.0、7.5和10.0 g/kg的MLE,配制成5种等氮等脂的饲料饲喂初始质量为(47.82±0.19)g的翘嘴鳜,分别记为D1、D2、D3、D4和D5处理组,每组设3个重复,每个重复15尾鱼。8周饲养实验结束后测定脾脏、头肾、鳃组织的抗氧化、免疫指标、组织结构及血液指标变化。结果显示:(1)添加MLE后,翘嘴鳜脾脏、头肾、鳃和血浆中的免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性均呈上升趋势,D4组达到最高值,同时,丙二醛(MDA)均呈下降趋势;(2)添加MLE后,翘嘴鳜脾脏白髓细胞数量、头肾淋巴细胞数量和鳃丝末端杯状细胞数量增多,同时使鳃丝排列更为紧密,鳃小叶长度更长;(3)随着MLE水平的升高,翘嘴鳜全血白细胞数(WBC)先升后降,在D3组达到最高,较对照组增高121.40%,总蛋白(TP)、溶菌酶(LZM)与碱性磷酸酶(AKP)水平先升后降,在D4组达到最大值,分别较对照组升高33.76%、8.57%、40.38%。综上可知,MLE可改善翘嘴鳜脾脏、头肾、鳃组织发育,提高机体的抗氧化与免疫能力,添加量为7.5 g/kg时效果最优。A total of five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were prepared by adding 0,2.5,5.0,7.5,and 10.0 g/kg of MLE to the basal diet,designated as treatment groups D1,D2,D3,D4,and D5,respectively to explore the effects of Mulberry Leaf Extract(MLE)on the structure and function of the spleen,kidney,and gills in Siniperca chuatsi.Each group consisted of 3 replicates,with 15 fishes per replicate,initially weighing(47.82±0.19)g.After an 8-week feeding experiment,the antioxidant and immune indicators,tissue structure,and blood indices of the spleen,head kidney,and gill tissues were measured.The results showed that the levels of immunoglobulin M(IgM),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in the spleen,head kidney,gills,and plasma of the S.chuatsi all showed an upward trend after the addition of MLE,,with the D4 group reaching the highest values.Meanwhile,malondialdehyde(MDA)levels all showed a downward trend.The number of white pulp cells in the spleen,lymphocytes in the head kidney,and goblet cell numbers at the end of the gill filaments increased,while the arrangement of the gill filaments became more compact,and the length of the gill lobules became longer.As the level of MLE increased,the white blood cell count(WBC)in the whole blood of the S.chuatsi first increased and then decreased,reaching the highest value in the D3 group,which was 121.40%higher than the control group.The levels of total protein(TP),lysozyme(LZM),and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)first increased and then decreased,reaching the maximum values in the D4 group,which were 33.76%,8.57%,and 40.38%higher than the control group,respectively.In summary,it can be concluded that MLE can improve the development of the spleen,head kidney,and gill tissues in S.chuatsi and enhance the antioxidant and immune capacity of the body.The optimal effect is achieved when the addition amount is 7.5 g/kg.

关 键 词：翘嘴鳜(Sinipeca cuatsi) 桑叶提取物 免疫 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]