生命哲学视域下的数字永生问题  

Digital Immortality in the Perspective of Philosophy of Life

作　　者：刘永谋[1] 白英慧 Liu Yongmou;Bai Yinghui(School of Philosophy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院,北京100872

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2025年第2期84-94,157,158,共13页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“现代技术治理理论问题研究”(项目号:21&ZD064)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：数字永生指的是将人的生命或其他生命,以数字形式永远存活于赛博空间之中的新科技实践活动。数字永生实践可分为创生进路、复生进路以及上传进路,其预设三种立场的生命观,即强调“精神的人”的唯心论生命观、主张“计算的人”的计算论生命观以及推崇“能动的人”的AI拟人论生命观。从哲学层面对此三种生命观进行审度,可以发现,数字永生论的出现,标志着智能社会中人类自我理解的重大转变,可称之为“主体的消解”与“科学人的崛起”。在未来的数字永生实践中,应坚持AI发展的有限主义进路,遵循有益AI理念。具体来说,应发展保护生命的数字永生,重点在于珍视生命价值、保护生命隐私、促进生命平等、维护生存秩序。Digital immortality refers to the novel technological practice of preserving human or other forms of life in cyberspace indefinitely through digital means.This practice can be categorized into three distinct approaches:the Creationist Approach,the Resurrectionist Approach,and the Upload Approach.Underpinning these practices are three philosophical views on life:an idealist perspective that emphasizes the“spiritual person,”a computationalist view that advocates for the“computational person,”and an AI anthropomorphic view that exalts the“agentic person.”A philosophical examination of these three perspectives reveals that the emergence of digital immortality signifies a profound shift in human self-understanding in intelligent societies,marked by what can be termed as the“dissolution of the subject”and the“rise of the scientific human.”In future practices of digital immortality,it is crucial to uphold a limited approach to AI development,adhering to the principles of beneficial AI.Specifically,digital immortality should be developed to protect life,with emphasis on valuing life,safeguarding life privacy,promoting equality of life,and preserving the order of existence.

关 键 词：数字永生 生命哲学 科学人 保护生命 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]