藕虾共作模式下缓释氮肥减氮对莲藕产量、品质及氮肥利用率的影响  

Effect of reduced slow-release nitrogen fertilizer input on yield,quality and nitrogen use efficiency of lotus root under a lotus root-crayfish integrated system

作　　者：马林杰 张诚信 袁秦[1] 毕建花[1,2] 寇祥明 朱凌宇[1] 王守红 张家宏[1] 杨建春[1] 唐鹤军[3] MA Linjie;ZHANG Chengxin;YUAN Qin;BI Jianhua;KOU Xiangming;ZHU Lingyu;WANG Shouhong;ZHANG Jiahong;YANG Jianchun;TANG Hejun(Jiangsu Lixiahe District Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yangzhou 225007,China;Research Center for Eco-Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou 225009,China;Jiangsu Puxing Circular Agriculture Development Company Limited,Yangzhou 225654,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州225007 [2]江苏省生态农业工程技术研究中心,江苏扬州225009 [3]江苏普兴循环农业发展有限公司,江苏扬州225654

出　　处：《扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》2024年第6期20-27,共8页Journal of Yangzhou University:Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32101303);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设专项[JATS(2023)241];扬州市重点研发计划项目(YZ2022038);扬州市生态农业重点实验室开放课题(YZ2023244)。

摘　　要：为明确藕虾共作模式维持莲藕产量、品质稳定的缓释氮肥最适施氮量,设置5个处理[不施氮肥(CK)、传统氮肥100%常规施氮量(450 kg·hm^(-2))处理(CN)以及缓释氮肥80%(SN1)、60%(SN2)和40%(SN3)常规施氮量处理],研究不同缓释氮肥减氮比例对莲藕农艺性状、产量、品质及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:随缓释氮肥减氮比例增加,莲藕叶柄高、叶柄粗、叶直径、叶片SPAD值、产量、淀粉、蛋白质和维生素C含量呈下降趋势,但SN2与CN处理无显著差异;莲藕硝酸盐含量也呈下降趋势,但SN2处理显著低于CN处理;莲藕氮肥偏生产力、农学效率和表观利用率SN2处理分别较CN处理显著提高70.07%、76.29%和71.32%。综上,藕虾共作模式下缓释氮肥维持莲藕产量、品质稳定的最适施氮量为270 kg·hm^(-2),较传统氮肥减氮40%。To clarify the optimal nitrogen rate of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer for stabilizing yield and quality of lotus root under the lotus root-crayfish integrated system,a field experiment was implemented to investigate the effect of slowrelease nitrogen fertilizer application on agronomic traits,yield,quality and nitrogen use efficiency of lotus root.There were five treatments in this study:control without nitrogen fertilizer(CK),conventional nitrogen fertilizer applied at100%(450 kg·hm^(-2))of routine nitrogen rate(100%CN),slow-release nitrogen fertilizer applied at 80%(SN1),60%(SN2)and 40%(SN3)of routine nitrogen rate.The results showed that the petiole height,petiole thickness,leaf diameter,leaf SPAD value,yield and contents of starch,protein,vitamin C and nitrate of lotus root decreased with the reduced nitrogen rate of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.The nitrate content of lotus root was significantly lower under SN2 than that under CN,but no significances were observed in other indicators mentioned above between SN2 and CN.Compared with CN,SN2 significantly increased the nitrogen partial factor productivity,nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen apparent recovery efficiency of lotus root by 70.07%,76.29%and 71.32%,respectively.In conclusion,the optimal nitrogen rate of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer was 270 kg·hm^(-2)which could stabilize yield and quality of lotus root and result a 40%nitrogen reduction under the lotus root-crayfish integrated system.

关 键 词：藕虾共作 莲藕 缓释氮肥 产量 品质 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S645.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S365[农业科学—园艺学]