“9·11”事件后美国国家安全学科专业的发展演进、实践特点和借鉴启示  

The Post-9/11 Development and Evolution of National Security Disciplines and Majors in the U.S.,the Characteristics of Relevant Practice,and the Lessons Learned

作　　者：刘中伟[1] 张起 LIU Zhongwei;ZHANG Qi

机构地区：[1]国际关系学院科研管理处 [2]国际关系学院国家安全教育学院

出　　处：《国家安全论坛》2024年第6期68-81,96,97,共16页National Security Forum

基　　金：国际关系学院中央高校基本科研业务费支持创新团队建设项目(项目编号:3262024T02)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“9·11”事件后美国国家安全相关学科专业发展迅速,跨学科特性日益增强。从国家安全学科专业建设的“充要条件”视角看,美国国家安全实务部门成为发展的主要推动者。美国高校设置了广泛的国家安全相关学科类别和具体专业,并具有跨学科和应用交叉性特征突出、实务部门与高校协同推进、普遍培养与特殊培养相结合、教育培养与职业能力相统一、人才培养标准和特色课程体系明确、部门协同和立法保障完善等一系列实践特色。总结借鉴美国国家安全学科专业发展经验,应进一步深化我国国家安全交叉学科专业理论和实践研究,探索建立国家主导、灵活平行的国家安全学科专业建设高校联盟,打造服务国家安全实务部门的“国家安全人才培养专项计划”和“国家安全学术卓越中心”,推动建设新时代更具中国特色的国家安全学科专业和专业人才互动发展新机制。After the 9/11 attacks,the United States national security-related disciplines have developed rapidly,and their interdisciplinary nature has become increasingly strong.From the perspective of"necessary and sufficient conditions"for the development of national security disciplines and majors,the national security related substantive departments of the U.S.government have been the main driver of their development.American colleges and universities have set up a wide range of national security-related disciplines and specific majors,and the features of their practice include prominent interdisciplinary characteristics and cross-discipline application,synergistic promotion by substantive departments and colleges and universities,combination of general and special training,unification of education and training and professional competence,clear standards for talent cultivation and a distinctive curriculum system,interagency synergy,and adequate legislation.On the basis of summarizing and learning from the experience of the development of national security disciplines and majors in the U.S.,we should further deepen the theoretical and practical research on the cross-disciplinary national security studies in China,explore the establishment of a state-led,flexible and parallel alliance of colleges and universities for the development of national security disciplines and majors,set up a"special program for the cultivation of national security talents"and a"center of academic excellence for national security"to serve national security substantive departments,and promote the development of a new mechanism for the interactive development of national security disciplines and majors and professionals with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

关 键 词：美国 国家安全学 学科专业 实务部门 

分 类 号：D035.3[政治法律—政治学] G642.3[文化科学—高等教育学]