6082铝合金挤压型材黑线缺陷分析  

Analysis of Black Line Defects in 6082 Aluminum Alloy Extruded Profile

作　　者：邱建伟 QIU Jianwei(Guangdong Xinhe Aluminum Industry Co.,Ltd,Yunfu,527300)

机构地区：[1]广东新合铝业有限公司,广东云浮市527300

出　　处：《五金科技》2025年第1期59-62,共4页Hardware

摘　　要：本研究对6082铝合金挤压型材在制造过程中表面出现的黑色线条缺陷进行了详尽的研究与探讨。通过宏观检查、微观结构观察和局部成分分析等综合方法,揭示了黑色线条缺陷的形成原因。研究结果显示,这些缺陷主要由氧化物和碳化物的非金属夹杂造成,这些夹杂物的出现导致了型材表面的黑色线条。同时,研究还观察到缺陷周边存在较大的含镁、硅相,这些相的粗大特性进一步突出了缺陷。针对这一问题,本文提出了一系列改善措施,涵盖了严格把控原料质量、优化挤压和熔铸工艺、执行变质处理以及运用成分过冷技术。通过执行这些措施,成功有效地消除了黑色线条缺陷,显著提高了6082铝合金挤压型材的表面品质,进而增强了其使用性能和市场竞争力。本项研究为铝合金挤压型材的生产提供了宝贵的参考,对提升同类材料的生产技术具有指导作用。This study conducted an exhaustive investigation and exploration into the black line defects that appear on the surface of 6082 aluminum alloy extruded profiles during the manufacturing process.Through comprehensive methods such as macroscopic inspection,microscopic structure observation,and local composition analysis,the causes of the black line defects were revealed.The research results indicate that these defects are primarily caused by non-metallic inclusions of oxides and carbides,the presence of which leads to the black lines on the surface of the profile.Additionally,the study observed the presence of large magnesium and silicon phases around the defects,the coarse nature of which further accentuates the defects.In response to this issue,the paper proposes a series of improvement measures,including strict control over the quality of raw materials,optimization of the extrusion and casting processes,implementation of modification treatment,and the use of composition undercooling technology.By implementing these measures,the black line defects were successfully and effectively eliminated,significantly improving the surface quality of the 6082 aluminum alloy extruded profiles and thereby enhancing their performance and market competitiveness.This research provides valuable reference for the production of aluminum alloy extruded profiles and has guiding significance for improving the production technology of similar materials.

关 键 词：6082铝合金 黑线缺陷 优化挤压和熔铸流程 

分 类 号：TS912.3[轻工技术与工程]