基于遥感指数的我国西部矿区生态质量监测——以彬长矿区为例  

Analysis of Ecological Effects in Western Mining Areas in China:Taking Binchang Mining Area as an Example

作　　者：姚顽强[1] 李悠 郑俊良[1] 蔺小虎 相里海龙 惠伯辰 李文欣 YAO Wanqiang;LI You;ZHENG Junliang;LIN Xiaohu;XIANGLI Hailong;XI Bochen;LI Wenxin(College of Geomatics,Xi′an University of Science and Technology,Xi′an 710054,China;Shaanxi Binchang Mengcun Mining Co.,Ltd.,Xianyang 713600,China;Shaanxi Daxigou Mining Co.,Ltd.,Shangluo 726000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西彬长孟村矿业有限公司,陕西咸阳713600 [3]陕西大西沟矿业有限公司,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《金属矿山》2025年第1期259-266,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42201484)。

摘　　要：我国西部矿区是煤炭资源开采的主要地区,也是最具代表性的生态脆弱区,探讨西部矿区自然生态环境的演变趋势及影响机制,对于矿区自然环境保护与有序恢复有着重要意义。以彬长矿区为例,通过遥感和GIS技术,利用Sentinel-2和Landsat 8遥感影像数据,基于遥感生态指数(Remote Sensing Ecological Index,RSEI)模型,在深入剖析该矿区土地利用/覆被变化(Land Use/Cover Change,LUCC)和生态环境时空演变的基础上,分析了该矿区LUCC的生态质量。结果表明:①2017—2022年矿区LUCC结构上出现明显的转移特征,形成以林地、耕地和建设用地为主的新LUCC格局,并伴随着林地大范围转出为耕地和建设用地的情况,转移量约191.04 km^(2)。②5 a中,矿区生态环境质量呈下降趋势,RSEI由0.54降至0.47,研究发现矿区生态环境质量主要受绿度和干度指标因子影响。③2017—2022年矿区生态环境质量改善的面积占总面积的9%,生态环境质量恶化的面积占总面积的22%,分析结果可为西部矿区生态环境保护和修复提供参考。The mining area in western China is the main area of coal resources exploitation,and it is also the most representative ecologically fragile area.It is of great significance for the protection and orderly restoration of the natural environment to explore the evolution trend and influence mechanism of the natural ecological environment in the western mining area.Taking Binchang Mining area as an example,Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 remote Sensing image data were used by remote sensing and GIS technology,and based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)model,On the basis of in-depth analysis of Land Use/Cover Change(LUCC)and the temporal and spatial evolution of ecological environment in this mining area,the ecological quality of LUCC in this mining area was analyzed.The results show that:①The LUCC structure of the mining area shows obvious transfer characteristics from 2017 to 2022,forming a new LUCC pattern dominated by forest land,cultivated land and construction land,and accompanied by the large-scale conversion of forest land into cultivated land and construction land,the transfer amount is about 191.04 km^(2).②During 5 years,the ecological environment quality of the mining area showed a downward trend,and the RSEI decreased from 0.54 to 0.47.It was found that the ecological environment quality of the mining area was mainly affected by the index factors of greenness and dryness.③From 2017 to 2022,the area of ecological environment quality improvement in the mining area accounts for 9%of the total area,and the area of ecological environment quality deterioration accounts for 22%of the total area.The analysis results can provide reference for the ecological environment protection and restoration in the western mining area.

关 键 词：生态修复 遥感 GIS 遥感生态指数 土地利用/覆被变化 生态质量 

分 类 号：TD167[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]