海军某高校医学生营养KAP调查分析及营养教育方式探讨  

Nutrition KAP analysis in medical students of a naval university and discussion on nutritional education methods

作　　者：苏立铭 王嘉铭 卞中博 王浩 李娟 Su Liming;Wang Jiaming;Bian Zhongbo;Wang Hao;Li Juan(School of Public Health,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Department of Nutrition,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200003,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学公共健康学院,上海201203 [2]海军军医大学第二附属医院营养科,上海200003

出　　处：《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2025年第1期65-70,共6页Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine

基　　金：上海市产业协同创新基金资助项目(CXXT-2022-02)。

摘　　要：目的调查分析海军某高校医学生营养相关知识、态度、行为(KAP)并探讨其营养教育方式。方法采用自制KAP问卷对海军某高校572名本科医学生进行调查,并对结果进行数据分析。结果营养知识得分为(9.93±2.12)分;营养态度得分为(24.88±4.58)分;营养行为得分为(32.30±6.21)分。学习过营养学课程的学生在营养KAP三项得分上均更高;八年制临床专业、高年级、城市户口、北方籍学生营养知识得分最高;男性、大一年级、年龄小、体重指数正常的学生营养行为得分最高。军校医学生最为不良的营养行为习惯是不参考营养学价值选择食物、进餐速度太快、摄入的食物种类不足。营养知识和态度均与营养行为呈正相关(P<0.001)。结论海军某高校医学生营养KAP得分较低,应开展课内外、理论与实践相结合的营养教育,最终改善其营养相关行为。Objective To investigate and analyze nutrition knowledge,attitudes,and practices(KAP)of medical students in a naval university,and discuss the nutrition education methods.Methods A total of 572 medical undergraduates in a naval university were investigated by a self-designed KAP questionnaire,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results The score of nutrition knowledge was 9.93±2.12;the score of nutrition attitude was 24.88±4.58;and the score of nutrition practices was 32.30±6.21.The students who had learned nutrition courses had higher scores in all three items of nutrition KAP than those who had not learned nutrition courses.The highest nutrition knowledge scores was found in the students majoring in clinical medicine of eight-year program,senior students,students with urban household registration,and those from northern China.The highest nutrition practices scores was found in male students,freshmen,younger students,and those with normal BMI.The most adverse nutrition behaviors among military medical students included taking food without reference to nutritional value,eating too fast,and insufficient variety of food.Both nutrition knowledge and attitude were positively correlated with nutrition practices(P<0.01).Conclusion The nutrition KAP scores of medical students in a naval university were low.Nutrition education should be carried out in and out of class,combining theory and practice,thus improving nutrition practices.

关 键 词：营养教育 海军 医学生 知识、态度、行为 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]