地面井掏煤造穴卸压增透技术及工程应用  

Technology and engineering application of surface shaft coal mining for pressure relief and permeability enhancement through cavity formation

作　　者：童校长 文虎[1] 徐鹤翔 刘厅 温鸿达[3] 程小蛟 TONG Xiaozhang;WEN Hu;XU Hexiang;LIU Ting;WEN Hongda;CHENG Xiaojiao(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Huainan Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Huainan 232001,China;School of Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司,安徽淮南232001 [3]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2025年第1期61-73,共13页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52274227);中国博士后科学基金项目(2023MD744246);国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(GZC20232134)。

摘　　要：为实现深部强突出煤层高效卸压,基于地面井掏煤造穴卸压增透技术,推导了掏煤孔洞周围应力分布解析解,分析了泥浆压力、黏聚力、内摩擦角等参数对掏煤区煤体应力及位移影响规律,并以张集矿A组煤为研究对象进行了现场应用。结果表明:煤体黏聚力和内摩擦角对孔洞周围应力和位移分布影响最为显著,黏聚力由2 MPa降低至0.5 MPa,峰值环向应力降低5.04%,剪胀角的影响效果最弱;塑性区和破碎区范围与掏煤直径呈线性正相关关系,孔洞壁面附近位移量最大且衰减迅速;孔洞内部泥浆支撑压力会显著抑制卸压效果,在0~2 MPa影响显著;相同造穴半径条件下,泥浆压力越大,对应破碎区和塑性区范围越小,在泥浆压力较低时,破碎区和塑性区的范围对其数值变化较为敏感;在进行地面井掏煤造穴卸压后,掏煤区域煤层瓦斯压力由2.35 MPa降低至1.46 MPa,降低了37.8%,瓦斯含量由7.23 m^(3)/t降低至5.76 m^(3)/t,降低了20.3%,煤层透气性系数提高约10倍,钻孔数减少24%,减少21%钻孔量。该技术为深部突出煤层安全快速区域消突提供了一个范例。In pursuit of effective pressure mitigation within deeply-embedded and profoundly-outburst-prone coal seams,a scholarly inquiry was undertaken,based on the technology of ground well coal extraction and cavity-induced pressure relief coupled with permeability enhancement.This paper derives the analytical solution for the stress distribution surrounding coal extraction cavities and analyzes the influence laws of such parameters as mud pressure,cohesion,and internal friction angle on the stress and displacement of the coal mass in the extraction area.The findings are applied in the field with the A-group coal seam at Zhangji Mine as the subject of study.The results show that the cohesive force and internal friction angle of the coal body have the most significant impact on the stress and displacement distribution around the cavity,and as the cohesive force decreases from 2 MPa to 0.5 MPa,the peak hoop stress decreases by 5.04%,while the effect of the dilation angle is the weakest.The range of the plastic and fractured zones exhibits a linear positive correlation with the diameter of coal extraction,with the maximum displacement occurring near the cavity wall,which then rapidly attenuates.The supporting pressure of the mud inside the cavity significantly inhibits the pressure relief effect,with a significant influence within the range of 0 to 2 MPa.Under the same cavity radius,a higher mud pressure corresponds to smaller ranges of the fractured and plastic zones.Moreover,when the mud pressure is low,the ranges of these zones are more sensitive to the changes in pressure.After ground coal extraction and cavity creation for pressure relief,the gas pressure in the extracted area decreases from 2.35 MPa to 1.46 MPa,a reduction of 37.8%.The gas content decreases from 7.23 m^(3)/t to 5.76 m^(3)/t,a decrease of 20.3%.The coal seam permeability coefficient is increased by approximately 10 times,the number of boreholes decreased by 24%,and the drilling volume reduced by 21%.This technique provides an exemplar for the safe and

关 键 词：高瓦斯矿井 地面井 煤层卸压 应力重分布 解析解 

分 类 号：TD82[矿业工程—煤矿开采]