深埋高应力隧道软岩大变形开挖补偿控制研究  

Research on compensatory control of large deformation excavation in soft rock of deep buried high stress tunnel

作　　者：陶志刚[1,2] 许闯 李勇[2,3] 王祥[4] 王欢[4] TAO Zhigang;XU Chuang;LI Yong;WANG Xiang;WANG Huan(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与土木工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)隧道工程灾变防控与智能建养全国重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [4]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2025年第1期86-97,共12页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41941018);河南省科技攻关计划重点项目(232102321009)。

摘　　要：随着中国西部地区隧道工程建设的蓬勃发展,深埋、高应力、高海拔隧道的软岩大变形灾害愈发严重,已经成为隧道灾害控制领域的研究重点和难点。位于横断山脉的大亮山公路隧道因其埋深大、断层多、突涌水、围岩强度低、地应力高等特点,隧道围岩大变形现象十分严重。为了探索这种类型隧道围岩大变形控制策略,提出了一种基于NPR材料的深埋隧道软岩大变形开挖补偿控制对策,为了验证其可行性和科学性,通过现场观测、室内物理模型试验与数值模拟进行深入研究。结果表明:NPR锚索可承受的最大动力冲击荷载为284.811 kN,抗冲击性能最高约为Q235锚杆的2倍,非线性吸能效果显著;NPR锚索开挖补偿控制体系能够有效调节围岩应力分布特征,及时为受开挖扰动的围岩提供补偿支护力,约束围岩塑性区扩展并吸收围岩释放的变形能;在正常与超载条件下,分别将软岩隧道围岩变形量控制在3 mm与5.8 mm以内,且无明显应力集中区域;NPR锚索开挖补偿支护体系可有效约束隧道围岩位移,最大水平位移量控制在3.35 mm以内,最大竖向位移量控制在15.21 mm以内。NPR锚索补偿开挖支护体系能够有效控制深埋高应力隧道软岩大变形灾害。With the booming development of tunnel construction in the western region of China,the soft rock large deformation disaster of deep buried,high stress,high altitude tunnels has become increasingly serious,the focus of research and difficulty in the field of tunnel disaster control.Located in the Hengduan Mountain Range,Daliangshan Highway Tunnel has experienced large deformation due to its complete burial depth,many faults,sudden water surges,low strength of the surrounding rock,and high geostress.In order to explore the control strategy of large deformation of surrounding rock in this type of tunnel,an excavation compensation control countermeasure for large deformation of soft rock in deep buried tunnels based on NPR materials is proposed.For a verification of its feasibility and scientificity,this paper carries out an in-depth study through on-site observation,indoor physical model test and numerical simulation analysis.The results show that the maximum dynamic impact load that NPR anchor cable can withstand is 284.811 kN,and the highest impact resistance is about two times of Q235 anchor,with significant nonlinear energy absorption effect.The NPR anchor cable excavation compensation control system is possible to effectively regulate the characteristics of the stress distribution of the surrounding rock,and to provide compensatory support for the surrounding rock perturbed by the excavation in a timely manner to restrain the expansion of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock,and to control the expansion of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock and the expansion of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock,as well as the expansion of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock and the expansion of the surrounding rock.The normal and overloading conditions,the deformation of the surrounding rock of soft-rock tunnels can be controlled by less than 3 mm and 5.8 mm respectively,and there is no obvious stress concentration area.The NPR anchor cable excavation compensation support system can effectively control the

关 键 词：NPR锚索 软岩隧道 大变形灾害 物理模型试验 

分 类 号：U455[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]