明清小说俗字拾零  

Collection and Research on the Folk Characters in the Novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：王长林 WANG Changlin

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国俗文化研究所 [2]四川大学汉语史研究所

出　　处：《汉字汉语研究》2024年第4期70-77,126,共9页The Study Of Chinese Characters And Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“《汉语大字典》修订研究”(21&ZD300)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章对明清白话小说俗字“■”和“唫”的形音义问题进行全面考察,并通过个案研究得出两点认识:首先,厘清俗字的字形演变,追溯俗字所记录词语的语源,有助于更清楚地认识其音义关系;其次,俗语词由于词形和词序的变化,会导致语素读音混杂,这是俗字“一字多音”现象产生的重要原因,辞书拟音需正本清源,避免“望形生音”。The article comprehensively investigates the phonetic,form,and semantic aspects of the folk characters“■”and“唫”in Ming and Qing vernacular novels.Through individual case studies,two main points are elucidated·Firstly,clarifying the evolution of folk characters’forms and tracing the etymology of the words they record aids in a clearer understanding of their phonetic and semantic relationships.Secondly,due to changes in word forms and word order,colloquial words may lead to mixed phonetic readings of morphemes,which is a significant cause of the phenomenon of“one character,multiple pronunciations”in folk characters.Therefore,accurate phonetic transcription in dictionaries is crucial,avoiding the pitfall of“relying on appearance to determine pronunciation”.

关 键 词：明清小说 俗字 音义关系 字词关系 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语]