算法自动化决策中就业性别歧视的类型与规范路径  

Types and Normative Pathways of Employment Gender Discrimination in Algorithmic Automated Decision-Making

作　　者：罗熠琛 周新衡 Yichen LUO;Xinheng ZHOU(Law School,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072;State Grid Yancheng Power Supply Company,Yancheng 224002)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,武汉430072 [2]国网盐城供电公司,盐城224002

出　　处：《中国人力资源开发》2025年第1期92-103,共12页Human Resources Development of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(24&ZD112)。

摘　　要：算法自动化决策在招聘、绩效评估等用工决策中发挥着日益重要的作用。结合算法技术原理和算法应用实践对自动化决策进行风险分析,就业性别歧视可能沿着技术路径嵌入决策,其类型具体包括:算法无意识的就业性别歧视和决策者有意识的就业性别歧视。算法自动化决策情境下的就业性别歧视与传统非数字化情景下的就业性别歧视相比,二者在本体层与治理层两方面均存在区别,而我国关于算法自动化决策在就业性别歧视方面的立法还未展开。应针对算法自动化决策的隐蔽性、间接性、难以解释性,来构建“性别歧视发现、性别歧视应对”的算法规范路径,具体包括:企业的算法披露政策与解释政策;算法自动化决策的“申诉-响应”机制;特殊的举证责任分配制度。Algorithmic automated decision making plays an increasingly important role in employment decisions such as recruitment and performance evaluation.Combining the principle of algorithm technology and the application practice of algorithm,the risk analysis of automated decision making shows that employment gender discrimination may be embedded in decision making along the technology path,and its types include:the unconscious employment gender discrimination of algorithm and the conscious employment gender discrimination of decision makers.Gender discrimination in employment in the context of algorithmic automated decision-making is different from that in the traditional non-digital context in both the ontology level and the governance level.However,China has not yet initiaed legislation on algorithmic automated descion-making in the context of gender discrimination in employment.In view of the concealment,indirectness and difficulty in explaining the automatic decision-making of algorithms,we should construct the algorithm specification path of"gender discrimination discovery and gender discrimination response",including:the algorithm disclosure policy and interpretation policy of enterprises;Algorithm automatic decision"appeal-response"mechanism;Special burden of proof allocation system.

关 键 词：算法歧视 自动化决策 性别歧视 劳动者权益 平等就业权 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] TP18[经济管理—国民经济]