缅甸琥珀的热压工艺研究  

Research on the Heat-Pressing Process of Burmese Amber

作　　者：陈明德 赵紫恒 彭啟兰 周青超 CHEN Mingde;ZHAO Ziheng;PENG Qilan;ZHOU Qingchao(West Yunan University of Applied Sciences,School of Jewelry,Tengchong 679118,China)

机构地区：[1]滇西应用技术大学珠宝学院,云南腾冲679118

出　　处：《超硬材料工程》2025年第1期63-68,共6页Superhard Material Engineering

基　　金：云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项资金项目青年项目(202101BA070001-028)。

摘　　要：琥珀作为一种名贵的有机宝石,需要经历几千万年甚至上亿年的地质作用才得以形成,但在琥珀原石开采、琥珀工艺品加工过程中会产生大量低值边角料和碎料,这些材料目前无法直接加工为首饰或工艺品。文章采用热压工艺将琥珀粉末压制为大块的琥珀材料,以实现低值琥珀材料再利用,提升商业价值。通过优化热压试验的参数,在290℃、6 MPa的压力下压制2 h后成功制备出了与天然琥珀外观相近的热压琥珀。随后,进一步测试了热压琥珀的宝石学特征以及红外光谱,结果表明热压琥珀在颜色、密度、折射率、红外吸收等方面与天然琥珀基本一致。本研究为琥珀再造技术的发展提供了新的技术和创新方案,有助于解决琥珀低值材料的再利用问题,推动琥珀产业的可持续发展。Amber,esteemed as a precious organic gemstone,undergoes geological processes spanning tens of millions to even hundreds of millions of years for its formation.However,the extraction of raw amber and the subsequent processing of amber artifacts often yield a substantial amount of low-value by-products and fragments,rendering them unsuitable for direct utilization in the creation of jewelry or artifacts.This study proposes the application of a heat-pressing process to compress amber powder into sizable amber materials,thereby facilitating the reutilization of these low-value amber components and enhancing their commercial value.By optimizing the parameters of the heat-pressing experiments,the authors successfully conducted a 2-hour heat-pressing procedure at 290°C under a pressure of 6 MPa,resulting in the production of heat-pressed amber with an appearance closely resembling that of natural amber.Subsequently,the authors conducted comprehensive tests on the gemological characteristics and infrared spectra of the heat-pressed amber.Experimental results indicate that heat-pressed amber exhibits fundamental similarities to natural amber in terms of color,density,refractive index,and infrared absorption.This research provides novel technological and innovative solutions for the development of amber reengineering techniques,contributing to the effective utilization of low-value amber materials and promoting the sustainable growth of the amber industry.

关 键 词：缅甸琥珀 热压工艺 再造琥珀 

分 类 号：TS933[轻工技术与工程]