冶金自备电厂燃气发电机组机炉协调控制  

Coordinated control strategy for gas generator units in metallurgical power plants

作　　者：安硕 冯旭刚 张景 王正兵 唐得志 沈浩 王兵 宋爱国[3] AN Shuo;FENG Xugang;ZHANG Jing;WANG Zhengbing;TANG Dezhi;SHEN Hao;WANG Bing;SONG Aiguo(School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243032,China;Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Special Heavy Load Robot,Ma'anshan 243032,China;School of Instrument Science and Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学电气与信息工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032 [2]安徽省特种重载机器人重点实验室,安徽马鞍山243032 [3]东南大学仪器科学与工程学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期19-33,共15页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022f04020004);安徽高校自然科学研究重点项目(2023AH051107);芜湖市重点研发与成果转化项目(2023yf017)。

摘　　要：针对冶金自备电厂燃料热值、压力和负荷多变的复杂工况与发电机组燃烧、汽机系统存在的大滞后、扰动大、多变量问题,首先通过改进粒子群算法(improved particle swarm optimization,IPSO)辨识得到以汽轮机调节阀开度与燃料量为控制量、有功功率与主蒸汽压力为被控量的单元机组数学模型;其次,设计多变量动态矩阵控制策略,构建机炉协调控制器,通过在线预测、反馈校正实现对系统进行滚动优化,并转换为内模控制结构分析其动态特性;最后,得到基于多变量动态矩阵控制(multivariable dynamic matrix control,MDMC)的燃气发电机组机炉协调控制策略。研究结果表明:相较于常规PSO,IPSO输出曲线拟合效果具有更高的准确性;与模型预测控制、广义预测控制、比例积分微分控制相比,MDMC具有更好的抗干扰性和动态性能,系统在受到干扰时调节时间最短为112 s,超调量仅为1.81%。应用机炉协调控制系统后,有功功率与主蒸汽压力标准偏差分别降低48.03%和33.33%,在满足现场设计要求的同时更有利于工业生产。The study is aiming at the complex working conditions of metallurgical captive power plant with variable fuel calorific value,pressure and load,and the problems of large hysteresis,large disturbance and multi-variable in the combustion and steam engine system of the generating unit.Firstly,the unit mathematical model was obtained through IPSO identification.The model takes the turbine control valve opening and fuel quantity as the control quantities,and the active power and main steam pressure as the controlled quantities.Secondly,the multivariable dynamic matrix control strategy was designed to construct the machine-furnace coordinated controller.Rolling optimization of the system was realized through online prediction and feedback correction and converted to internal mode control structure to analyze its dynamic characteristics.Finally,the MDMC-based coordinated control strategy of gas generating unit furnace and engine was obtained.The results show that compared with conventional PSO,the IPSO output curve fitting effect has higher accuracy.Compared with model predictive control,generalized predictive control and proportional-integral-derivative control,MDMC has better anti-disturbance and dynamic performance.When it is subjected to disturbance,the shortest regulation time of the system is 112 s,and the overshooting amount is only 1.81%.After applying the coordinated furnace control system,the standard deviation of active power and main steam pressure are reduced by 41.84%and 38.38%,respectively.It meets the site design requirements and is more favorable to industrial production.

关 键 词：变负荷工况 机炉协调控制系统 改进粒子群算法 多变量动态矩阵控制 稳定性 抗干扰性 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]