铜绿假单胞菌获得性耐药机制研究进展  

Research progress on the mechanism of acquired resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

作　　者：杨晓静 晏丹 江珍玉 于志君 邓海英 YANG Xiao-jing;YAN Dan;JIANG Zhen-yu;YU Zhi-jun;DENG Hai-ying(Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control,School of Medicine,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430065,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学医学院新药创制研究所,职业危害识别与控制湖北省重点实验室,武汉430065

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2025年第1期85-93,共9页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：湖北省职业危害识别与控制重点实验室开放基金(No.OHIC2022G07)。

摘　　要：铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)是一种革兰阴性机会致病菌,广泛分布于自然界,是院内感染的常见病原体之一。目前由于抗菌药物的不规范使用,PA的多重耐药(Multidrug resistant,MDR)菌株和广泛耐药(Extensively drug resistant,XDR)菌株不断出现,给临床治疗带来巨大挑战。PA耐药机制复杂,膜相关蛋白、灭活酶及其调控蛋白、靶蛋白和双组份调节系统等基因的突变,以及位于可移动遗传元件上编码灭活和修饰抗生素的酶基因,靶标保护和修饰相关蛋白基因的水平转移等均可导致PA耐药性的产生。本文结合国内外研究现状,从基因突变和水平基因转移两个方面综述PA的获得性耐药机制,为PA感染的临床防治选药及新型抗生素的研发提供参考。Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)is an opportunistic pathogen commonly involved in environmental-and difffcult-to-treat nosocomial infection.Currently,multidrug-resistant(MDR)and extensively drug-resistant(XDR)strains of PA are emerging due to the inappropriate use of antibiotics,which has become a major threat related to healthcare.The antibiotics resistance mechanism of PA is very complicated.PA can acquire resistance through mutations in genes encoding for membrane-associated proteins,antibiotics inactivation enzymes and their regulatory proteins,antibiotics target proteins,and two-component systems.Additionally,resistance genes acquired by horizontal gene transfer(HGT)lead to resistance of PA,which are frequently localized within mobile genetic elements(MGEs),including genes encoding enzymes that inactivate and modify antibiotics,proteins genes that protect and modify antibiotic targets.In this review,acquired resistance mechanisms of PA involved in gene mutations and HGT was summarized.This review would provide references for the prevention and treatment of PA infection,as well as the research and development of new antibiotics.

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 耐药机制 基因突变 水平基因转移 

分 类 号：R378.99[医药卫生—病原生物学]