法律与科学方法  

Law and Scientific Method

作　　者： 邢温迪(译) 姚远(校) Morris Raphael Cohen;Xing Wendi;Yao Yuan

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]美国马里兰大学 [3]四海法学编译馆 [4]南京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《法学教育研究》2024年第4期325-340,共16页

摘　　要：高屋建瓴地看待事情时,我们或可承认,我们的法学院最终能为社会做的最实际的事情,就是去促进法律科学的进步;但在直面实务的压力下,我们不愿意改变完全职业化的课程方案。我们应当认识到,法律人必须具备训练有素的科学方法意识。正是由于掌握某些分析模式,从而揭示新情况中的恒定原理,经受科学训练的人方有别于具备单纯常规知识的人。从假说出发演绎结论并将这些结论同事实世界作对比,这种方法在我看来依旧是健全的科学方法之根本。正是才疏学浅之人对演绎法的妄用,激起了大家对演绎法的偏见。无逻辑的经验或生活愚蠢粗野,不会为良善的生活或文明的生活提供任何指南。法律特别是当前的美国法律,迫切需要进行科学的详述。将法律视为一套经验规则的那种陈旧看法已经破灭。We may,when we view the situation abstractly,admit that ultimately the most practical thing that our law school can do for the community is to promote the science of law;but under pressure of immediate practicality we are loath to change the strictly professional curriculum.We should know the necessity for the lawyer to have a trained sense of scientific method.It is by the possession of certain modes of analysis which reveal such constant elements in the new situation that a scientifically trained man differs from the one who has merely routine knowledge.The method of beginning with hypotheses and deducing conclusions and then comparing these conclusions with the factual world,seems to me still the essence of sound scientific method.The prejudice against deduction is inspired by the abuse of that method on the part of those deficient in knowledge.Experience or life without logic is stupid and brutish and supplies no guide for the good or civilized life.The law,and especially present American law,is desperately in need of a scientific elaboration.The old way of dealing with the law as a body of empirical rules has definitely broken down.

关 键 词：法律 法律科学 法律方法 科学方法 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]