面向高反光表面的结构光面形测量方法  

Structured light surface shape measurement method for highly reflective surfaces

作　　者：汪运 郭建英 梁浚哲 朱峰 陈光希 任茂栋 梁晋[1] WANG Yun;GUO Jian-ying;LIANG Jun-zhe;ZHU Feng;CHEN Guang-xi;REN Mao-dong;LIANG Jin(State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Microelectronics,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Innovation Lab,XTOP 3D Technology(Shenzhen)Co.Ltd.,Shenzhen 518060,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学微电子学院,陕西西安710049 [3]新拓三维技术(深圳)有限公司创新实验室,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《中国光学(中英文)》2025年第1期42-52,共11页Chinese Optics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2022YFB4601802);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52275543)。

摘　　要：高反光表面复杂的反射性质会使面结构光测量时出现过度曝光和曝光不足的问题。为完整准确地重建被测表面,本文提出一种能根据被测表面反射强度预测曝光时间的多重曝光方法。首先,通过投射一系列不同曝光时间下的均匀灰度图像获得成像系统的相机响应曲线,同时计算得到能反映被测表面反射强度的辐照度图像。然后,通过模糊C均值聚类方法,自适应分割目标不同辐照度区域并获得各区域的中心辐照度,利用相机响应曲线预测不同反射区域的最优曝光时间。最后,结合多重曝光融合算法实现对高反光表面的三维重建。实验结果显示,所提方法能同时重建铝合金表面的强烈反光区域和过暗区域,重建误差小于0.5 mm,最大偏差降低了74.78%,标准偏差降低了48.96%。上述结果表明,所提方法能根据区域反射特性准确预测曝光时间,有效克服区域过曝和区域过暗带来的相位缺失和相位失真问题,完整准确地重建了高反光表面的不同反射区域。The complex reflective properties of highly reflective surfaces bring overexposure and underexposure problems to surface structured light technology.In order to reconstruct the measured surface completely and accurately,a multiple exposure method is proposed in this paper.The proposed method can predict the exposure time according to the reflective intensity of the measured surface.Firstly,the camera response curve of the imaging system is obtained by projecting a series of uniform gray images at different exposure times,and the irradiance image that can reflect the reflection intensity of the measured surface is calculated.Then,the fuzzy C-means clustering method is used to adaptively segment different irradiance regions of the target and obtain the central irradiance of each region.The optimal exposure time is predicted for different reflection regions based on the camera response curve.Finally,the 3D reconstruction of the highly reflective surface is realized by combining the multiple exposure fusion algorithm.The experimental results show that the proposed method can simultaneously reconstruct the strongly reflective area and the excessively dark area of the aluminum alloy surface,with a reconstruction error of less than 0.5 mm,the maximum deviation reduced by 74.78%,and the standard deviation reduced by 48.96%.The proposed method can correctly predict the exposure time according to regional reflection characteristics,effectively overcome the problems of phase loss and phase distortion caused by regional overexposure and regional darkness,and completely and accurately reconstruct different reflection regions of highly reflective surfaces.

关 键 词：高反光表面 结构光 多重曝光 辐照度 聚类分割 

分 类 号：TH741[机械工程—光学工程]