行星齿轮的断齿原因  

Reasons for planetary gear tooth breakage

作　　者：宫秀勉 GONG Xiumian(Shanghai TÜV Rheinland Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200072)

机构地区：[1]莱茵技术(上海)有限公司,上海200072

出　　处：《理化检验(物理分册)》2025年第2期47-51,共5页Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing)

摘　　要：某行星齿轮在长期服役后发生开裂、断齿现象。采用宏观观察、化学成分分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析、金相检验、硬度测试、渗碳层深度测试等方法对齿轮断齿的原因进行分析。结果表明:1号齿轮中存在以Al_(2)O_(3)为主的非金属夹杂物,在循环载荷的作用下,材料产生了应力集中,疲劳裂纹萌生并扩展,最终导致1号齿轮疲劳开裂;1号齿轮开裂使零件的有效承载面积减小,应力增大,进而导致2号和3号齿轮发生过载断齿事故。A certain planetary gear experienced cracking and tooth breakage after long-term service.The reasons for gear tooth breakage were analyzed using macroscopic observation,chemical composition analysis,scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis,metallographic examination,hardness testing,and depth testing of the carburized layer.The results show that there were non-metallic inclusions mainly composed of Al_(2)O_(3) in the first gear,which caused stress concentration and fatigue crack initiation and propagation under cyclic loading,ultimately led to fatigue cracking of the first gear.The cracking of gear 1 reduced the effective load-bearing area of the component and increased stress,and subsequently led to overload and tooth breakage accidents of gears 2 and 3.

关 键 词：行星齿轮 疲劳开裂 过载断齿 夹杂物 晶间内氧化深度 

分 类 号：TB31[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG115.2[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]