马克思拜物教批判语境中的微观权力问题  

On the Micro-power in the Critical Context of Marx's Fetishism

作　　者：陈飞[1] CHEN Fei(School of Marxism,Chongqing University,Chongqing,400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学马克思主义学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《理论探讨》2025年第1期149-157,共9页Theoretical Investigation

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“政治经济学批判视域下的微观权力思想研究”(21BZX030)。

摘　　要：拜物教批判理论是马克思政治经济学批判的一个重要组成部分。马克思拜物教批判理论不仅指出资本主义社会人与人之间的社会关系被物与物之间的关系所支配的客观事实,而且还从主体意识的角度阐明资本主义社会的经济承担者是如何认同和接受这一客观事实的。在马克思政治经济学批判语境中,拜物教蕴含着导致人的存在方式深层异化的微观权力形态。由商品、货币、资本等拜物教形式构成的微观权力体系呈现为一个自我规范、自我相关、自我拓展的资本化结构,使现代社会中的一切人都处于其规训和控制之下。从微观权力这一视角切入马克思拜物教批判理论具有深远的思想史效应,诸多当代西方左翼学者在其理论形态的建构中都曾以不同方式触及这一问题,大大深化和拓展了对马克思拜物教批判理论的理解,但是当代西方左翼学者的理论内部存在着难以克服的缺陷,仍需要回到马克思政治经济学批判的分析框架。The critical theory of fetishism is an important part of Marx's critique of political economy.Marx's critical theory of fetishism not only points out the objective fact that the social relationship between people in capitalist society is dominated by the relationship between things,but also expounds how the economic undertakers in capitalist society recognize and accept this objective fact from the perspective of subjective consciousness.In the critical context of Marx's political economy,fetishism contains micro-power forms that lead to the deep alienation of human existence.The micro-power system composed of commodity,currency and capital fetishism presents a self-regulated,self-related and self-expanding capitalization structure,which makes everyone in modern society under its discipline and control.Cutting into Marx's critical theory of fetishism from the perspective of micro-power has a far-reaching ideological history effect.Many contemporary western left-wing scholars have touched on this issue in different ways in the construction of their theoretical forms,greatly deepening and expanding their understanding of fetishism,but there are insurmountable defects within it,and it is still necessary to return to the analytical framework of Marx's critique of political economy.

关 键 词：拜物教 微观权力 人的存在方式 政治经济学批判 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] B03