北方草原区露天煤矿排土场生态修复技术应用效果  

The application effect of ecological restoration technology in the dump of open-pit coal mine in northern grassland area

作　　者：周国驰 毛洪宇 辛建宝 ZHOU Guochi;MAO Hongyu;XIN Jianbao(China Coal Science and Engineering Group Shenyang Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110015,China;Zhalute County Zhahanao'er Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Tongliao 029100,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司,辽宁沈阳110015 [2]扎鲁特旗扎哈淖尔煤业有限公司,内蒙古通辽029100

出　　处：《露天采矿技术》2025年第1期20-24,共5页Opencast Mining Technology

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金面上资助项目(2023-MS-342);中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司科技创新资助项目(NK017-2021)。

摘　　要：为研究生态修复技术在北方草原区露天煤矿排土场中应用效果,以扎哈淖尔露天矿为研究对象,研究了水土保持、土壤改良和植被重建等生态修复技术,并对修复效果进行监测和分析。结果表明:受技术措施影响,植被组成、植被覆盖度、植物多样性、植物频度高度在不同排土场间、不同监测样地间均存在差异;开展生态修复的6年里,植物种类由14种提高至47种,且随着生态修复工作的开展,植被盖度和植物多样性呈增加趋势;受立地条件影响,同一植物在不同样地内的频度和株高均存在较大差异;矿区所采用的水土保持、土壤改良与植被重建技术已取得了较好的应用效果,可在本区域内同类矿区推广应用。In order to study the application effect of ecological restoration technology in the open-pit coal mine dump of the northern grassland area,this article takes Zhahanao'er Open-pit Mine as the research object,studies the ecological restoration techniques of soil and water conservation,soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction,and monitors and analyzes the restoration effects.The results show that affected by technical measures,vegetation composition,vegetation coverage,plant diversity and plant frequency height are different among different dump sites and monitoring plots.During the six years of ecological restoration,the number of plant species increases from 14 to 47.With the development of ecological restoration,vegetation coverage and plant diversity show an increasing trend.Influenced by site conditions,the frequency and plant height of the same plant in different places are greatly different.The technology of soil and water conservation,soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction adopted in this mining area has achieved good application effect in this mining area,and can be applied in other mining areas in this region.

关 键 词：排土场 生态修复技术 应用效果 植物种 植物多样性 

分 类 号：TD167[矿业工程—矿山地质测量] X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]