液化玉米芯木糖渣基硬质聚氨酯泡沫的制备及其性能  

Preparation and Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foam by Substitution of Polyol Component With Liquefied Xylose Residue

作　　者：刘婷婷[1] 闫莉 刘海波 司传领[1] 戴林 LIU Tingting;YAN Li;LIU Haibo;SI Chuanling;DAI Lin(State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper,College of Light Industry and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,生物源纤维制造技术国家重点实验室,天津市制浆造纸重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2025年第1期16-22,共7页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171717)。

摘　　要：采用加热液化的方式处理玉米芯木糖渣制备液化木糖渣(LXR),并替代传统聚醚多元醇合成硬质聚氨酯泡沫(LXR-PUF)。通过旋转黏度测试仪、电位滴定分析仪、红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁氢谱(^(1)H NMR)检测,考察液化时间对LXR理化性能和结构的影响,以及LXR中木糖渣用量和异氰酸根指数对硬质聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着液化时间增加,液化产物黏度降低,羟基含量增加;并且随着木糖渣用量的提高,羟基含量大幅度提升。当木糖渣用量为20%和液化时间为3 h时,液化产物的酚羟基值最高,达到46.32 mmol/g。LXR中木糖渣用量的增加和异氰酸根指数的提高(0.4~1.0范围内),均有利于硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料压缩强度的提高,木糖渣用量的提高还有利于硬质泡沫热分解温度的提高。当木糖渣用量为20%、异氰酸根指数为1.0时,硬质泡沫的压缩强度和表观密度均达到最大值,分别为0.24 MPa和55.92 kg/m^(3)。In this study,liquefied xylose residue(LXR)was prepared by heating and liquefaction of corn cob xylose residue,and polyurethane rigid foam(LXR-PUF)was synthesized by replacing traditional polyether polyol.The effects of liquefaction time on the physicochemical properties and structure of LXR,as well as the effects of the amount of xylose residue in LXR and the isocyanate index on the properties of polyurethane rigid foam were investigated by rotational viscometer,potentiometric titration analyzer,infrared spectrometer(FT-IR),and nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrometry(1 H NMR).The results showed that the viscosity of the liquefaction products decreased and the hydroxyl content increased with increasing liquefaction time,and the hydroxyl content increased substantially with increasing amount of xylose residue.The phenol hydroxyl value of the liquefied product was the highest,reaching 46.32 mmol/g when the amount of xylose residue was 20%and the liquefaction time was 3 h.The increase in the amount of xylose residue and the increase in the isocyanate index(within the range of 0.4-1.0)in LXR were conducive to the improvement of the compressive strength of the polyurethane rigid foam materials,and the increase in the amount of xylose residue was also conducive to the improvement of the thermal decomposition temperature of the rigid foam.When the amount of xylose residue was 20%and the isocyanate index was 1.0,the compressive strength and apparent density of the rigid foam both reached the maximum,which were 0.24 MPa and 55.92 kg/m^(3),respectively.

关 键 词：木糖渣 液化 硬质聚氨酯泡沫 压缩强度 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]