航空齿轮传动系统不对中异常状态下的动力学特性分析  

Analysis of dynamic characteristics of aviation gear transmission system under abnormal state of misalignment

作　　者：栾孝驰[1] 吴承静 沙云东[1] 张引 王胜红 LUAN Xiaochi;WU Chengjing;SHA Yundong;ZHANG Yin;WANG Shenghong(Key Laboratory of Advanced Measurement and Test Technique for Aviation Propulsion System,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China;AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute,Shenyang 110015)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室,沈阳110136 [2]中国航发沈阳发动机研究所,沈阳110015

出　　处：《燃气涡轮试验与研究》2025年第1期66-78,共13页Gas Turbine Experiment and Research

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅项目−面上项目(纵20240051);辽宁省属本科高校基本科研业务费专项。

摘　　要：针对航空发动机齿轮传动系统装配不对中引起的疲劳断裂问题,采用Hertz接触理论和瞬态动力学分析方法,考虑齿轮轴线平行不对中异常装配状态,建立了直齿轮副瞬态动力学分析模型,研究了该齿轮副的时变啮合刚度和齿面接触应力的变化规律。结果表明:随着双齿−单齿啮合的周期性变化,时变啮合刚度也呈现出周期性变化;时变啮合刚度在双齿啮合时减小,在单齿啮合时增大,且最大啮合刚度呈现出随着齿轮平行不对中角度增大而增大的规律。齿轮轴线平行角度影响齿面接触应力和轴向振动位移响应,由于不对中角度增大,齿轮啮合印痕逐渐向下偏移,齿面接触应力增大明显,且齿根处出现应力集中现象。不对中角度由0.25°增大至1.00°时,齿面平均接触应力值由100 MPa增大至550 MPa。轴向振动位移幅值随不对中角度增大而增大,最大总位移量达到3.161 mm;随着不对中角度的增大,齿轮齿根处载荷增大,且齿根载荷的增大在频谱图上表现为转频幅值的增大。研究方法和分析结果可为航空齿轮传动系统装配异常状态的仿真分析提供一定参考。To solve the fatigue fracture problem caused by misalignment of the gear transmission system of an aero-engine,the Hertz contact theory and transient dynamic analysis method were used to establish a transient dynamic analysis model of the spur gear pair,and the time-varying meshing stiffness and contact stress of the gear pair were analyzed.The results show that the time-varying meshing stiffness also presents a periodic change with the periodic change of the double-single meshing.The time-varying meshing stiffness decreases when two teeth are meshed and increases when one tooth is meshed.The maximum meshing stiffness increases as the parallel misalignment angle increases.The parallel angle of the gear axis affects the contact stress of the tooth surface and the response of axial vibration displacement.With the increase of the misalignment angle,the gear meshing trace gradually shifts downward,the contact stress of the tooth surface increases obviously,and the stress concentration occurs.When the misalignment angle increases from 0.25°to 1.00°,the average contact stress value of the tooth surface increases from 100 to 550 MPa.The amplitude of axial vibration displacement increases with the increase of misalignment angle,and the maximum total displacement reaches 3.161 mm.With the increase of misalignment angle,the load at the tooth root of the gear increases,and the increase of the load at the tooth root manifests as the increase of the amplitude of the rotation frequency in the spectrum diagram.The research method and analysis results can be reference for the simulation analysis of the assembly abnormal state of the aviation gear transmission system.

关 键 词：航空发动机 齿轮传动系统 平行不对中 动力学特性 啮合刚度 接触应力 

分 类 号：V233.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]