面向教育现代化:我国农村教育政策演进的渐进主义分析  

Facing Modernization:An Incrementalist Analysis of the Evolution of China's Rural Education Policies

作　　者：孙涛 伊秀云 Sun Tao;Yi Xiuyun(Education,Northeast Normal University;China Institute of Rural Education Development,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,1130024)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学教育学部 [2]东北师范大学中国农村教育发展研究院,长春130024

出　　处：《教育研究》2025年第1期94-105,共12页Educational Research

基　　金：2024年度吉林省社会科学基金项目“供需适配视角下高等教育促进吉林省乡村振兴的路径与对策研究”(编号:2024B92)的研究成果。

摘　　要：教育现代化是指与不同时代的教育形态变迁相伴的教育现代性不断增长的历史过程。基于渐进主义视角,在连续性渐进分析之下,迈向现代化进程中的我国农村教育政策变迁呈现为由农村教育普及、农村教育高水平普及、城乡教育基本均衡和城乡教育优质均衡四个边际性变革构成的一个连续渐进历程。在断续性渐进分析之下,不同时期的政治、经济、文化和社会因素影响并塑造着当下阶段的政策样态。在调试性渐进分析之下,我国农村教育政策嬗变的经验智慧可归结为:按部就班,探索质量改进的政策育人目标;稳中求进,形成日臻完善的政策内容体系;积小成大,建构多方联动的政策实践向度。渐进主义分析视角给未来农村教育发展和农村教育政策制定带来多重启示。The modernization of education indicates the historical process of increasing educational modernity accompanied by the changes in educational forms in different times.Based on incrementalism and an analysis of successive incrementalism,the changes in China's policy for rural education in the process of modernization appeared as a successively progressive process,which included four marginal changes:the popularization of rural education,the high-level popularization of rural education,the basic balance between urban and rural education,and the high-quality balance between urban and rural education.According to a successively progressive analysis,political,economic,cultural and social factors in different periods influence and shape the policy patterns in the present stage.Based on an adjustment-oriented and incrementalist analysis,the experience and wisdom from the changes in China's policy for rural education can boil down to the fllowing:following the prescribed policy,and exploring the goal of the policy for the improvement of the quality of talent cultivation;seeking progress while maintaining stability,and developing an increasingly improved policy system;and integrating small forces pushing educational reforms into a big force,and creating dimensions for policy practice based on multi-party cooperation.The incrementalist analysis in this study is expected to bring enlightenments to the future development of rural education and the future formulation of rural education policies.

关 键 词：教育现代化 农村教育 政策变迁 渐进主义 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]