以共存求共生:人智协同共育如何可能  

Seeking Symbiosis Through Coexistence:The Possibility of Human-AI Collaborative Education

作　　者：黄涛[1] 张振梅 刘三女牙[1] Huang Tao;Zhang Zhenmei;Liu Sannyuya(Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education,Central China Normal Universityy,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学人工智能教育学部,武汉430079

出　　处：《教育研究》2025年第1期147-159,共13页Educational Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2024年度教育学重点项目“中国数字教育实践的理论构建研究”(编号:ACA240018)的研究成果。

摘　　要：时代转型重置教育发展坐标。数智时代,教师与人工智能协同已成为育人方式变革的重要创新实践。生成式人工智能在确定性中探索着不确定的教育未来,加剧了教育发展的复杂性与动态性。基于技术变革教育的演进理路,从本体论维度,剖析教师与人工智能协同共育从“预成”转向“生成”的本质内涵;从认识论维度,以人工智能作为居间调节技术,追溯从“离身”转向“具身”的人智关系;从发展论维度,以共生度为判断依据,探析从“独立共存”走向“互利共生”的共育模式。结合时代观照的教育现实,从方法论维度,建构“分工—转化—重组—协同”的实践框架,化“识”成“智”,发挥“人师”育人功能;化“技”成“育”,挖掘“机师”教育价值;转“教”为“学”,发挥“人智”协同的育人价值,以探索人机从“共存”走向“共生”的协同共育路向;分工替代拓展新主体、适应转化塑造新角色、重组共生开创新路径、协同创新构建新体系。新的体系以教师“人在引路”的主体性为核心,融合教师的创造力、判断力及伦理意识与人工智能的强大计算、数据处理及生成能力,实现人工智能的适应性集成与生成性协作,促进教师与人工智能的共同进化。这是数智时代培养新质人才的必由之路,也是纵深推动强国建设的理想图景。The transformation of the era reshapes the coordinates of educational development. In the age of digitalintelligence, the collaboration between teachers and artificial intelligence (Al) has become an important practice ofinnovation in the reform of the ways of talent cultivation. Generative AI explores the uncertain future of education withinthe boundaries of certainty, and this intensifies the complex and dynamic development of education. Based on the evolutionof technology-based educational reforms and ontological dimensions, this study analyzes the essential connotations of theshift of teacher-AI collaborative education from "predetermination" to "generation." Also, from an epistemologicaldimension, this study uses Al as an intermediary technology to trace the human-intelligence relationship from a"disembodied" tendency to an "embodied" tendency;from a developmental dimension, this study uses the degree ofsymbiosis as a criterion to explore the mode of co-education from "independent coexistence" to "mutual benefit-basedsymbiosis." Based on the educational reality and methodology in the new era, the authors establish the practical frame work of "division of labor-transfor mation-reorganization-collaboration." The framework is expected to transform"knowledge" into "wisdom," and help "human teachers" play their role in talent cultivation;transform "technology" into"education," and explore the educational value of "machine teachers";turn "teaching" into "learning," and attain the valueof talent cultivation through human-intelligence collaboration so as to explore the pathway from "coexistence" to"symbiosis" in human-machine collaboration;and expand new subjects through division of labor, shape new roles throughadaptive transformation, create new pathways through reorganization and symbiosis, and establish a new system throughcollaborative innovation. The new system centers on the subjectivity of teachers as "human guides," integrate theircreativity, judgment, and ethical awareness with AI's powerful computing, dat

关 键 词：人智协同 互利共生 协同创新 人智共育 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]