提质增效背景下城市污水收集系统的碳排放特征与影响因素分析  

Analysis of Carbon Emission Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Urban Wastewater Collection Systems under the Background of Quality Improvement and Efficiency Enhancement

作　　者：吴良洪 程贞雄 吴浩然 郭茹[2,3] 蔡辰 WU Liang-hong;CHENG Zhen-xiong;WU Hao-ran;GUO Ru;CAI Chen(Fuzhou Urban Drainage Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou 350007,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Institute of Carbon Neutrality,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]福州市城市排水有限公司,福州350007 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [3]同济大学碳中和研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《环境科学》2025年第2期696-704,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1908705-1)。

摘　　要：在当今全球气候变化问题日益严峻的背景下,着眼于城市污水收集系统的碳排放问题,基于排放因子法和质量平衡的思路提出了一套城市污水收集系统运行阶段的碳核算方法.该方法考虑了排水管网中污染物生化反应产生的CH_(4),未收集污染物生化反应产生的CH_(4)和N_(2)O以及提升泵站等设备电耗产生的碳排放,并以案例城市2019~2022年运行数据为依据展开应用.结果显示,案例城市5个区域(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ区)污水收集系统的碳排放总量从2019年的50186 t下降至2022年的35134 t.Ⅰ区和Ⅴ区之和对总碳排放的贡献率接近70%,是排放最大的两个区域.排放活动方面贡献率最大的是未收集污染物的生化反应产生的CH_(4)排放(40.3%~51.6%).在排放强度方面,不同区域碳排放强度由大到小依次为:Ⅴ区(0.22 kg·m^(-3))>Ⅲ区(0.19 kg·m^(-3))>Ⅳ区(0.17 kg·m^(-3))>Ⅱ区(0.17 kg·m^(-3))>Ⅰ区(0.10 kg·m^(-3)).不同排放活动的碳排放强度由大到小依次为:未收集污染物生化反应产生的CH_(4)排放强度(0.075 kg·m^(-3))>排水管网中污染物生化反应产生的CH_(4)排放强度(0.027 kg·m^(-3))>未收集污染物生化反应产生的N_(2)O排放强度(0.026 kg·m^(-3))>电耗碳排放强度(0.025 kg·m^(-3)).结果表明:(1)污水产生量、污水处理厂进水量、污水处理厂进水污染物浓度和耗电量的不同是污水收集系统碳排放总量表现出区域差异性的原因.(2)排放活动中未收集污染物生化反应产生的CH_(4)排放强度较高,需要引起关注.(3)排水管网的提质增效行动有助于污水收集系统温室气体减排.Against the background of today.s increasingly serious global climate change problem,this study focuses on the carbon emission problem of urban drainage systems and proposes a carbon accounting method for the operation stage of urban drainage systems based on the emission factor method and mass balance idea.The method considered CH_(4) from biochemical reactions of pollutants in the drain,CH_(4) and N_(2O) from biochemical reactions of uncollected pollutants,and carbon emission from the electrical consumption of equipment such as lifting pumping stations,and the application was carried out based on the operational data of the case city from 2019 to 2022.The results of the study showed that the total carbon emission from the drainage system in the five areas(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,and Ⅴ) of the case city decreased from 50,186 t in 2019 to 35,134 t in 2022.The sum of regionsⅠandⅤcontributed nearly 70%to the total carbon emissions,which were the two regions with the largest emissions.The largest contribution in terms of emission activities was CH_(4emission) from biochemical reactions of uncollected pollutants (40.3%-51.6%).Regarding emission intensity,the carbon emission intensities of different regions were,in descending order,Ⅴ(0.22 kg·m~(-3))>Ⅲ(0.19 kg·m~(-3))>Ⅳ(0.17 kg·m~(-3))=Ⅱ(0.17 kg·m~(-3))>Ⅰ(0.10 kg·m~(-3)).The carbon emission intensities of different emission activities in descending order were:CH_(4) emission intensity from the biochemical reaction of uncollected pollutants (0.075 kg·m~(-3))>CH_(4) emission intensity from the biochemical reaction of pollutants in drains (0.027 kg·m~(-3))>N_(2O) emission intensity from the biochemical reaction of uncollected pollutants (0.026 kg·m~(-3))>carbon emission intensity from electricity consumption(0.025 kg·m~(-3)).The results of the analyses showed that (1) The differences in the amount of sewage generated,the amount of water intake to the sewage treatment plant,the concentration of pollutants in the sewage treatment plant intake,and the consum

关 键 词：污水收集系统 排水管网 下水道 碳排放 温室气体 提质增效 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]