净息差收窄,银行业转型经营承压——基于已上市19家系统重要性银行数据分析  

The Impact of Narrowing Net Interest Margins on Banking Sector Transformation: An AnalysisBased on Data from 19 Listed Systemically Important Banks

作　　者：许爱荣[1] 孙良涛[1] 王浩夫 XU Airong;SUN Liangtao;WANG Haofu(Macroprudential and Financial Market Section,Ii Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Branch,People's Bank of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民银行伊犁哈萨克自治州宏观审慎与金融市场管理科

出　　处：《金融市场研究》2025年第2期131-139,共9页Financial Market Research

摘　　要：净息差是衡量商业银行经营效益的关键指标之一,反映了银行通过资产负债业务获取利润的能力。当前,受宏观经济波动、政策环境、市场竞争、利率定价等多方面因素影响,银行业净息差呈下行趋势,利息收入业务对银行利润增长的贡献有限,银行在经营中面临压力和挑战。本文基于已上市的19家系统重要性银行2023—2024年季度数据,通过因素分析法,分析系统性银行经营情况(收入支出结构)、净息差变化情况及成因,并结合国内外研究成果提出银行业转型经营发展的建议。Net interest margin is one of the key indicators for measuring commercial bank operating efficiency,reflecting the ability of banks to earn profits through asset and liability business.Currently,net interest margins across the banking sector are in a downward trend,pressured by macroeconomic fuctuations,the overall policy env ironment,market competition,interest rate pricing and other factors.This has limited the contribution of interest income business to bank profit growth.Using 2023-2024 quarterly data from 19 listed systemically important banks,this paper analyzes the operational situation(income-cxpenditure structurc)and the changes in net interest margins at these banks through the factor analysis method.The paper also puts forward suggestions for the transformation of the banking industry by combining the results of domestic and foreign research.

关 键 词：系统重要性银行 净息差 转型经营 

分 类 号：F832.3[经济管理—金融学]