新型纳米发光材料在肿瘤标志物早期诊断中的应用进展  

Progress in the application of novel nanoluminescent materials in the early diagnosis of tumor markers

作　　者：袁鹏[1] 张叶 汪思雨 晋莹艺 张文豪[1] YUAN Peng;ZHANG Ye;WANG Siyu;JIN Yingyi;ZHANG Wenhao(Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,China;Xinxiang Medical University)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016 [2]新乡医学院

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2025年第1期49-56,共8页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102231040);河南省自然科学基金项目(232300420071);河南省医学科技攻关项目(LHGJ20220152)。

摘　　要：肿瘤标志物已成为预测不同肿瘤特征和协助临床医生确定肿瘤发生发展的可靠工具,肿瘤标志物的敏感性和特异性识别对于癌症的早期诊断和治疗至关重要,最终能显著提高患者的存活率。酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)是当前肿瘤标志物检测的主要方法,尽管该技术选择性良好,但对低含量样品难以准确测量,限制了该技术的应用。随着纳米技术的出现,近年来有诸多新型纳米材料应用于低浓度肿瘤标志物的灵敏性、特异性检测,基于优良光学性能的纳米材料已被证明在检测肿瘤标志物领域具有很高的灵敏度和选择性。本篇综述总结了贵金属纳米粒子、稀土纳米材料、碳基纳米材料、半导体纳米材料等纳米发光材料在肿瘤标志物检测中的最新应用进展,主要检测的肿瘤标志物包括前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)、人类癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)、人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER2)、癌症抗原125(CA125)、癌症抗原15-3(CA15-3)和癌症抗原19-9(CA19-9)等,并展望了新型纳米发光材料在肿瘤标志物早期诊断方面的问题与挑战。Tumor markers(TM)have emerged as reliable tools for predicting various tumors and aiding clinicians in monitoring tumor development and progression.The sensitive and specific identification of TM is crucial for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer,ultimately improving patient survival rates.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)is the predominate method for TM detection,offering good selectivity.However,its difficulty in accurately measuring samples with low content limits its application.The advent of nanotechnology has introduced nanomaterials with superior optical properties,enabling sensitive and selective detection of TM at low concentrations.This review summarizes the latest advances in the application of nanoluminescent materials,such as noble metal nanoparticles,rare earth nanomaterials,carbon-based nanomaterials,semiconductor nanomaterials,and other nanoluminescent materials,in the detection of TM.The main tested TM included prostaglandin specific antigen,human carcinoembryonic antigen,alpha-fetoprotein,human chorionic gonadotropin,human epidermal growth factor receptor-2,carcinoantigen 125,carcinoantigen 15-3 and carcinoantigen 19-9.It also addresses the challenges and prospects of these novel materials in the early diagnosis of TM.

关 键 词：癌症 肿瘤标志物 纳米材料 早期诊断 

分 类 号：R730[医药卫生—肿瘤]