前列腺癌实验研究现状与展望  

Current status and prospects of experimental research on prostate cancer

作　　者：朴池源 毕建斌[1] Piao Chiyuan;Bi Jianbiin(Department of Urology,the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院泌尿外科,沈阳110000

出　　处：《中华实验外科杂志》2024年第12期2673-2676,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-面上项目(82172568);辽宁省教育厅-高校基本科研项目(LJ242410159027)。

摘　　要：前列腺癌是男性中最常见的恶性肿瘤之一, 其预后与疾病阶段密切相关。当前治疗主要以雄激素受体通路抑制为核心, 但去势抵抗性前列腺癌的出现对传统疗法提出挑战。近年来, 针对肿瘤微环境的研究以及新型靶向药物(如AR降解的PROTAC药物)提供了新的治疗希望。同时, 磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路的异常被认为是前列腺癌进展的重要驱动因素, 针对该通路的治疗策略正在探索中。此外, 免疫治疗结合化疗、放疗等传统疗法, 通过增强免疫原性细胞死亡和逆转免疫抑制微环境, 为去势抵抗性前列腺癌治疗提供了新方向。未来研究应聚焦分子机制解析、精准医学和个体化治疗, 为前列腺癌的诊断与治疗带来更多突破。Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in men,with prognosis closely related to disease stage.Current treatments primarily focus on androgen receptor pathway inhibition,but the emergence of castration-resistant prostate cancer poses challenges to traditional therapies.In recent years,studies on the tumor microenvironment and novel targeted drugs(such as AR-degrading PROTAC drugs)have offered new therapeutic hopes.Meanwhile,abnormalities in the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway are considered major drivers of prostate cancer progression,and therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway are under exploration.Additionally,immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and other traditional treatments has provided new directions for castration-resistant prostate cancer by enhancing immunogenic cell death and reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment.Future research should focus on molecular mechanism analysis,precision medicine,and individualized treatment to bring further breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.

关 键 词：前列腺癌 雄激素受体 免疫治疗 肿瘤微环境 

分 类 号：R737.25[医药卫生—肿瘤]